Considering the tendency of improved life expectancy worldwide, women will, increasingly, experience the climacteric during the next years. A variety of biopsychosocial changes are experienced by women throughout the climacteric. As age progresses, ovarian functions decrease until the onset of menopause. With decreased levels of estradiol and progesterone, a sum of neuropsychic symptoms, such as insomnia, irritability, attention deficit and memory, anxiety and depression, become common complaints in this stage of women's life. Among them, depression is undoubtedly a global mental health problem. The aim of the present review was to present selected studies between 2007 and 2017, based on the Medline and Web of Science databases, and Academic Google, on climacteric and its main symptoms, highlighting neuropsychic symptoms, and, especially, depression. As one of the most common symptoms during climacteric, especially during menopause, depression leads to decreased motivation and productivity, increases the number of visits to health clinics, the risk of suicidal ideation and suicide itself. Studies on the prevalence and incidence of climacteric depression are of great use in the maintenance of mental health of women and in the technical qualification of outpatient clinics for women in the climacteric.