Availability, price and promotions for cigarettes and non-cigarette tobacco products: an observational comparison of US Air Force bases with nearby tobacco retailers, 2016

Kong, Amanda Y.; Golden, Shelley D.; Myers, Andrew; Little, Melissa A.; Klesges, Robert C.; Talcott, Wayne; Vandegrift, Sara M; Cassidy, Daniel; Ribisl, Kurt M.

doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054266

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…A census of on-base retailers was created using our previous 2016 work33 and by consulting AFB websites and staff who worked on each base. We then employed several strategies to identify all off-base retailers within the 1.5-mile road network service areas.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, after the implementation of this DoD policy, phone surveys of tobacco retailers indicated that cigarette prices were 12.5%–24.5% cheaper on military bases compared with the most proximal Walmart store 25 31 32. In 2016, our team visited on-base and off-base DoD stores at Air Force Technical Training Bases in Texas and Mississippi and collected data on the prices of cigarettes and other tobacco products 33. We found that Marlboro Red and Newport Menthol packs were between $0.80 and 0.87 cheaper on base, which amounted to a $292–318 annual savings for an individual who smokes a pack a day.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This policy, which was fully executed as of 30 March 2017, required all DoD stores to set all tobacco prices equal to ‘prevailing prices’, in the ‘local community’ adjusted for state and local taxes. Building on our previous work,33 we audited tobacco product prices on and near Air Force Technical Training Bases in 2019 to assess whether prices of cigarette and smokeless products sold in retailers on Air Force Bases (AFBs) were similarly priced to those being sold in off-base proximate retailers after the implementation of the new DoD policy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cheaper tobacco product prices at US Air Force Bases compared with surrounding community areas, 2019

et al. 2021

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IntroductionIn March 2017, the US Department of Defense (DoD) implemented a policy requiring all military stores to set tobacco prices equal to ‘prevailing prices’ in the ‘local community’ adjusted for state and local taxes. We compared tobacco product prices in a sample of retailers located on five Air Force Bases (AFBs) in Texas and Mississippi with those sold in nearby off-base stores.MethodsWe constructed a list of on-base and off-base tobacco retailers. Off-base retailers included stores that were located within a 1.5-mile road network service area from main AFB gates. Between July and September 2019, a trained auditor visited 23 on-base and 50 off-base retailers to confirm tobacco product sales, and documented the price of cigarettes and Copenhagen smokeless tobacco. For each area, the median price for each product, as well as the difference in median prices by on-base versus off-base status, was calculated.ResultsThe median price of cigarettes and smokeless products was cheaper at on-base retailers. All products were cheaper at on-base stores in Fort Sam Houston and Lackland AFB. Similarly, all products were cheaper in on-base stores at Keesler AFB, with the exception of Marlboro Red packs ($0.22 more), and at Sheppard AFB with the exception of cheapest cigarette cartons ($6.26 more).ConclusionDespite the implementation of the new DoD policy, tobacco products are cheaper in on-base retailers compared with off-base retailers. Refining of the definitions used and improved compliance with the new DoD policy are needed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cheaper tobacco product prices at US Air Force Bases compared with surrounding community areas, 2019

et al. 2021

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“…Te rapid development of the tobacco industry has intensifed the market competition among various tobacco companies [1]. Tobacco product quality is one of the important ways for tobacco companies to improve their market competitiveness; tobacco companies need to secure the overall quality of tobacco to gain a competitive advantage in the market, and the quality of tobacco products produced on line is often measured by the roundness index of tobacco flter rods [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Active Contour Snake Model for Hollow Filter Bar Roundness Inspection

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2022

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Cigarette filter rods are a kind of easily deformed and irregularly shaped parts, and the quality of cigarette filter rods is often measured by the filter rod roundness index, although they are affected by factors such as environment and humidity, which can affect the detection of filter rod roundness and show blurred images. For the detection of blurred filter rod image roundness, an improved active contour snake model algorithm is proposed. The experimental results show that in the analysis of the algorithm iteration number on the model performance, the model performance gradually leveled off at the iteration number of 200. Comparing the PR of the improved algorithm with the traditional snake algorithm with the balloon force snake algorithm, the accuracy and recall rates obtained were 0.803 and 0.798, respectively, which were greater than the other two algorithms; the error of the value of the residual under the improved snake algorithm was always smaller than the other algorithms, which indicated that the convergence effect of the improved snake algorithm on the error of filter bar roundness was better than the other experimental algorithms. The abovementioned results indicate that the improved snake algorithm has high feasibility and effectiveness in the application of filter bar roundness error detection and has a significant value.

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“…Within the US Air Force, approximately 5.9% of Airmen trainees (called such regardless of sex or gender identity) report current use of cigarettes, 2.1% current use of smokeless tobacco, 2.2% current use of hookah, and 15.3% current use of ENDS 13 . These rates are likely driven by a long history of targeted tobacco advertising and promotion on military bases 14 , 15 , a culture that supports tobacco use 16 , and the availability of cheap tobacco products on the base 17 . Previous studies have documented that the training year is a particularly high-risk period for tobacco use, with 7.9% to 12.4% of never users initiating tobacco products for the first time during this time 18 , 19 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of a group-based brief tobacco intervention among young adults aged 18–20 years in the US Air Force

Little¹,

Wang²,

Fahey³

et al. 2021

Tob. Induc. Dis.

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INTRODUCTION Most smokers begin using tobacco before the age of 25 years, making it important to reduce tobacco use during adolescence and early adulthood. Rates of use are historically higher among military personnel. While ‘Tobacco 21’ made it illegal for US retailers to sell tobacco to those aged <21 years, the policy did not address cessation for current youth and young adult tobacco users. Additionally, there is limited research on cessation interventions among young adults under 21 years. The current study evaluated the efficacy of a group-based Brief Tobacco Intervention (BTI) among US Air Force trainees, who are predominantly aged 18–20 years and directly impacted by Tobacco 21 legislation. METHODS Participants were 2969 US Air Force Trainees from April 2017 through January 2018 cluster randomized to three conditions: 1) BTI + Airman’s Guide to Remaining Tobacco Free (AG), 2) AG alone, and 3) the National Cancer Institute’s Clearing the Air (CTA) pamphlet. To assess the efficacy of the interventions among people aged 18–20 years, a domain analysis (<21 years, n=2117; and ≥21 years, n=852) of a multinomial logistic regression model was run. RESULTS Mono tobacco users aged <21 years at baseline who received the BTI+AG had higher odds of quitting tobacco at 3 months (OR=2.13; 95% CI: 1.02–4.46). Dual and poly users aged <21 years at baseline who received the BTI+AG intervention had higher odds of reducing the number of tobacco products used at 3 months (OR=2.94; 95% CI: 1.03–8.37). CONCLUSIONS The BTI was effective for people aged 18–20 years. The current study offers insight into components of interventions that might be successful in helping this age group decrease tobacco use.

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Availability, price and promotions for cigarettes and non-cigarette tobacco products: an observational comparison of US Air Force bases with nearby tobacco retailers, 2016

Cited by 7 publications

References 35 publications

Cheaper tobacco product prices at US Air Force Bases compared with surrounding community areas, 2019

Cheaper tobacco product prices at US Air Force Bases compared with surrounding community areas, 2019

Improved Active Contour Snake Model for Hollow Filter Bar Roundness Inspection

Efficacy of a group-based brief tobacco intervention among young adults aged 18–20 years in the US Air Force

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