Availability of Niacin in Wheat for Swine

Luce, W. G.; Peo, E. R.; Hudman, D. B.

doi:10.1093/jn/88.1.39

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…However, pigs fed the diet containing 44 mg of niacin/kg, which was about 3 times the effective niacin concentration of 14 mg/kg in the current experiment, had greater urinary concentrations of the PYR criteria than pigs fed the diets containing 6 to 22 mg of niacin/kg. Other experiments also found that urinary PYR excretion by growing pigs was variable, with significant increases in urinary PYR when niacin supplementation exceeded the requirement (Luce et al, 1966(Luce et al, , 1967. In the current experiment, the values for urinary PYR excretion (mg/d) for the 6 to 22 mg of niacin/kg treatments were within the range of values reported by Luce et al (1967).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Effect of graded levels of niacin supplementation of a semipurified diet on energy and nitrogen balance, growth performance, diarrhea occurrence, and niacin metabolite excretion by growing swine1

Ivers

Veum

2012

Journal of Animal Science

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Thirty-six crossbred barrows with an average initial age of 42 d and BW of 13.8 kg were placed in individual metabolism crates in a 35-d experiment to evaluate the supplementation of a semipurified diet with graded levels of crystalline niacin. Response criteria were energy and N balance, growth performance, occurrence of niacin deficiency diarrhea, and urinary excretion of the niacin metabolite N(1)-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxylamide (PYR). The basal diet met the true ileal Trp requirement of growing swine, and supplementation with 6, 10, 14, 18, 22, or 44 mg of niacin/kg made 6 treatments. Pigs were observed for scours twice daily, and pig BW and feed consumption were determined weekly. Total urine collections and fecal grab samples were made twice daily from each pig from d 28 to 35. Pigs fed the diet containing 14 mg of niacin/kg absorbed and retained more (P < 0.05) grams of N/d, had a greater N digestibility (%, P < 0.05), a greater ADFI and ADG (P < 0.10), and no diarrhea (P < 0.05) compared with pigs fed the diet containing 6 mg of niacin/kg, and pigs fed the diet containing 10 mg of niacin/kg were intermediate in ADG. There were no additional improvements in the response criteria with niacin supplementation greater than 14 mg/kg. Urinary PYR criteria (mg/L and mg/d) were greater (P < 0.001) for pigs fed the diet containing 44 mg of niacin/kg than for pigs fed the diets containing 6 to 22 mg of niacin/kg. However, urinary PYR criteria for pigs fed the diets containing 6 to 22 mg of niacin/kg did not differ from each other, indicating that PYR was not a sensitive indicator of niacin status for growing swine. Niacin treatment did not affect the percentages of N retained/N absorbed, N retained/N intake, DE, or ME. In conclusion, 14 mg of crystalline niacin/kg of semipurified diet adequate in Trp was the minimum concentration of niacin that maximized N utilization and growth performance, and prevented niacin deficiency diarrhea of growing swine in the current experiment. Because practical feed ingredients may be sources of available endogenous niacin, supplementation of practical diets with 100% of the current NRC requirement for niacin should provide adequate niacin for growing swine.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Effect of graded levels of niacin supplementation of a semipurified diet on energy and nitrogen balance, growth performance, diarrhea occurrence, and niacin metabolite excretion by growing swine1

Ivers

Veum

2012

Journal of Animal Science

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“…The average pyridoxine content of the wheat sarnples was 5.8 mg/kg. The levels in barley and oats were nearly twice the means reported by the NAS (1969 (Luce et al 1966). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

Variation in Proximate Fractions and B-Vitamins in Saskatchewan Feed Grains

Nikkhah¹,

Hoppner²,

Sosulski³

et al. 1972

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…Ghosh et al (1963) reported that 90 percent of corn (Zea mays) niacin is unavailable to the microorganism Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Luce (1965) reported that corn niacin is largely unavailable to swine.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heuser and Scott (1963) suggested that the niacin present in wheat middlings appeared to be relatively unavailable to the duckling. Luce (1965) indicated that the niacin present in wheat was only partially available to swine.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%