Auxin, One Major Plant Hormone, in Soil

Ueda, Junichi; Saniewski, M.; Miyamoto, Kazuaki

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-43107-9_8

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 203 publications

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“…As described in the Introduction, inhibitors of polar auxin transport such as NPA, TIBA, and morphactins (IT 3456, HFCA) were expected to perturb plant growth and development (see review by Ueda et al [ 6 ]). NPA induced conspicuous local stem swelling in succulent plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among plant hormones, naturally occurring auxin, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), mainly synthesized in the apical part of shoots and young leaves, shows a specific basipetal movement known as polar auxin transport. In this process, auxin is transported basipetally between cells toward the root tip through the stele in the aboveground parts, and then redirected symmetrically in specific root tip cells, and transported back towards the root elongation zone [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Commonly used polar auxin transport inhibitors such as 1 -naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA), 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) and morphactins (methyl 2-chloro-9-hydroxyfluorene-9-carboxylic acid, IT 3456, and 9-hydroxyfluorene-9-carboxylic acid, HFCA) have been demonstrated to show various effects by interfering with polar auxin transport and changing auxin distribution, and in consequence, to perturb auxin-related plant growth and development like root formation, cell elongation, and tropisms (see review by Ueda et al [ 6 ]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mode of Action of 1-Naphthylphthalamic Acid in Conspicuous Local Stem Swelling of Succulent Plant, Bryophyllum calycinum: Relevance to the Aspects of Its Histological Observation and Comprehensive Analyses of Plant Hormones

Marasek-Ciołakowska

Dziurka

Kowalska

et al. 2021

IJMS

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The mode of action of 1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) to induce conspicuous local stem swelling in the area of its application to the growing internode in intact Bryophyllum calycinum was studied based on the aspects of histological observation and comprehensive analyses of plant hormones. Histological analyses revealed that NPA induced an increase in cell size and numerous cell divisions in the cortex and pith, respectively, compared to untreated stem. In the area of NPA application, vascular tissues had significantly wider cambial zones consisting of 5–6 cell layers, whereas phloem and xylem seemed not to be affected. This indicates that stem swelling in the area of NPA application is caused by stimulation of cell division and cell enlargement mainly in the cambial zone, cortex, and pith. Comprehensive analyses of plant hormones revealed that NPA substantially increased endogenous levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in the swelling area. NPA also increased endogenous levels of cytokinins, jasmonic acid, and its precursor, 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid, but did not increase abscisic acid and gibberellin levels. It was shown, using radiolabeled 14C-IAA, that NPA applied to the middle of internode segments had little effect on polar auxin transport, while 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid substantially inhibited it. These results strongly suggest that NPA induces changes in endogenous levels of plant hormones, such as IAA, cytokinins, and jasmonic acid, and their hormonal crosstalk results in a conspicuous local stem swelling. The possible different mode of action of NPA from other polar auxin transport inhibitors in succulent plants is extensively discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mode of Action of 1-Naphthylphthalamic Acid in Conspicuous Local Stem Swelling of Succulent Plant, Bryophyllum calycinum: Relevance to the Aspects of Its Histological Observation and Comprehensive Analyses of Plant Hormones

Marasek-Ciołakowska

Dziurka

Kowalska

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…The plant extracts were placed into the bottom of the Eppendorf plastic tubes, dried in vacuo, and then dissolved with 25 μL of 1000-fold diluted 14 C-labeled IAA [ (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) C)IAA with a specific activity of 55 mCi/ mmol, 0.1 mCi/mL; American Radiolabeled Chemicals, Inc., USA]. Radish hypocotyl segments (each 20 mm in length), excised from 5 mm below the apical side of 6-day-old light-grown seedlings, were placed in the Eppendorf plastic tubes in down orientation of the apical side.…”

Section: Bioassay For Patmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Auxin mediates different cellular responses based on its graded distribution between cells, local auxin biosynthesis, and directional cell-to-cell transport via carrier-mediated transport, being required for the establishment and maintenance of these auxin gradients in the plant axis. This unique transport system, called polar auxin transport (PAT), is considered to depend mainly on PIN-FORMED (PIN) auxin efflux carriers having a polar, plasma membrane localization [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. It has also been demonstrated that PIN-dependent auxin efflux and local auxin response result in the apical-basal formation of the embryo and thus determine the axiality of the adult plant [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The synthetic compounds of 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA), N-(1-naphthyl)phthalamic acid (NPA), 9-hydroxyfluorene-9-carboxylic acid (HFCA), and methyl 2-chloro-9-hydroxyfluorene-9-carboxylate (morphactin) as PAT inhibitors and p-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid as anti-auxin have been well used [6]. By contrast, almost no naturally-occurring compounds exerting such physiological activities have ever been found.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isolation and identification of polar auxin transport inhibitors from Saussurea costus and Atractylodes japonica

et al. 2017

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An intensive survey of naturally-occurring regulators of polar auxin transport (PAT) was conducted in two oriental medicinal species from the Asteraceae, Saussurea costus and Atractylodes japonica, using the radish hypocotyl bioassay system and physicochemical analyses. Costunolide and santamarine were identified as well as dehydrocostus lactone from S. costus roots, and atractylenolide II and (+)-eudesma-4(14),7(11)-dien-8-one from Atractylodes japonica rhizomes as physiologically novel compounds possessing inhibitory activities of PAT. Costunolide and santamarine showed ca. 40% inhibition of PAT in the radish hypocotyl segments at a dose of 2.5 μg/plant and 1 μg/plant, respectively. Inhibitory effects of atractylenolide II and (+)-eudesma-4(14),7(11)-dien-8-one were ca. 10 times lower than those of costunolide and santamarine. Structure-activity relationships and possible mechanisms to inhibit PAT are also discussed.

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Regulation of asymmetric polar auxin transport by PsPIN1 in endodermal tissues of etiolated Pisum sativum epicotyls: focus on immunohistochemical analyses

et al. 2018

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This manuscript reports the production of specific polyclonal antibodies for PsPIN1, a putative auxin efflux carrier in Alaska pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants, and the cellular immunolocalization of PsPIN1. When pea seeds were set with the seed axis horizontal to the upper surface of a rockwool block, and allowed to germinate and grow for 3 days in the dark, the epicotyl grew upward. On the other hand, the application of 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) inhibited graviresponse. In the subapical epicotyl regions, PsPIN1 has been found to localize in the basal side of the plasma membrane of cells in endodermal tissues. Asymmetric PsPIN1 localization between the proximal and distal sides of the epicotyl was observed, the total amounts of PsPIN1 being more abundant in the proximal side. The asymmetric PsPIN1 distribution between the proximal and distal sides of the epicotyl was well correlated with unequal polar auxin transport as well as asymmetric accumulation of mRNA of PsPIN1 (Ueda et al. in Biol Sci Space 26:32-41, 2012; Ueda et al. in Plant Biol 16(suppl 1):43-49, 2014). In the proximal side of an apical hook, PsPIN1 localized in the basal side of the plasma membrane of cells in endodermal tissues, whereas in the distal side, the abundant distribution of PsPIN1 localized in the basal-lower (endodermal) side of the basal plasma membrane, suggesting possible lateral auxin movement from the distal side to the proximal side in this region. The application of TIBA significantly reduced the amount of PsPIN1 in the proximal side of epicotyls, but little in the distal side. These results suggest that unequal auxin transport in epicotyls during the early growth stage of etiolated pea seedlings is derived from asymmetric PsPIN1 localization in the apical hook and subapical region of epicotyls, and that asymmetric transport between the proximal and distal sides of epicotyls is required for the graviresponse of epicotyls.

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Auxin, One Major Plant Hormone, in Soil

Cited by 7 publications

References 203 publications

Mode of Action of 1-Naphthylphthalamic Acid in Conspicuous Local Stem Swelling of Succulent Plant, Bryophyllum calycinum: Relevance to the Aspects of Its Histological Observation and Comprehensive Analyses of Plant Hormones

Mode of Action of 1-Naphthylphthalamic Acid in Conspicuous Local Stem Swelling of Succulent Plant, Bryophyllum calycinum: Relevance to the Aspects of Its Histological Observation and Comprehensive Analyses of Plant Hormones

Isolation and identification of polar auxin transport inhibitors from Saussurea costus and Atractylodes japonica

Regulation of asymmetric polar auxin transport by PsPIN1 in endodermal tissues of etiolated Pisum sativum epicotyls: focus on immunohistochemical analyses

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