Autumn Food Habits and Home-Range Elevations of Japanese Black Bears in Relation to Hard Mast Production in the Beech Family in Toyama Prefecture

Arimoto, Isao; Goto, Yusuke; Nagai, Chika; Furubayashi, Kengo

doi:10.3106/041.036.0403

Cited by 57 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…As acorn production during the year of the study was good, bears may have had access to ample food resources at the same site, making travel between sites unnecessary. In years of poor mast production, however, bears' movement patterns are altered, with changes such as increases in the distance between intensively used areas having been noted in the same area used in the present study as well as in other parts of Japan (Arimoto et al 2012). Furthermore, American black bears, which have a physiology similar to that of the Asiatic black bear, have exhibited an increase in the horizontal span of their home range (Pelchat and Robert 1986;Powell et al 1997;Kasbohm et al 1998) as well as a tendency to travel farther in search of food resources (Reynolds and Beecham 1980;Garshelis and Pelton 1981;Noyce and Garshelis 1997), sometimes even up to 200 km, during years when food production is low (Rogers 1987).…”

Section: Bear Foraging In Relation To Acorn Characteristics and Phenosupporting

confidence: 53%

Spatial and elevational variation in fruiting phenology of a deciduous oak (Quercus crispula) and its effect on foraging behavior of the Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus)

Nakajima

Koike

Masaki

et al. 2012

Ecological Research

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In habitats with elevational gradients, differences in the fruiting phenology of a single key food resource may affect the feeding behavior of an animal. The objectives of the present study were to assess (1) whether or not fruiting phenology and characteristics of Quercus crispula acorns differed with changes in altitude (900–1,400 m asl) and area; (2) when bears foraged acorns in relation to their phenological development; and (3) where bears engaged in acorn foraging behavior with respect to acorn phenology. No difference in the fruiting phenology of acorns at various altitudes and locations was found, with the exception of changes in color and abscission period. Acorn abscission period occurred later at a site with an elevation of 1,200 m in Tochigi and at another with an elevation of 1,400 m in Gunma, making the available energy of acorns in the tree canopy (AET) greater and available for a longer time period at those two sites. Foraging of acorns by bears was observed at sites of moderate to high altitude between late September and mid‐October. A threshold date when acorns became suitable for foraging by bears could not be identified, as the size and nutritional value of acorns increased continuously. Foraging activity of bears observed at moderate and high altitude sites corresponded with locations where AET was available in greater amounts and for a longer period of time for some sites; however, the small sample size precluded accurate assessment.

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Section: Bear Foraging In Relation To Acorn Characteristics and Phenosupporting

confidence: 53%

Spatial and elevational variation in fruiting phenology of a deciduous oak (Quercus crispula) and its effect on foraging behavior of the Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus)

Nakajima

Koike

Masaki

et al. 2012

Ecological Research

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“…Hard mast (Quercus and Fagus spp.) is a critical autumn food resource for this species (Koike 2010), and previous studies have shown, in multiple populations, that hard mast productivity affects bear behaviors (Hwang et al 2010;Arimoto et al 2011;Kozakai et al 2011;Koike et al 2012). In autumn with poor hard mast production, male and female bears undertake longdistance movements (Kozakai et al 2011;Koike et al 2012), and the kin structure among males and females temporarily dissolves (Ohnishi et al 2011).…”

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confidence: 98%

Influence of Food Availability on Matrilineal Site Fidelity of Female Asian Black Bears

et al. 2017

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“…To standardize our data set, we excluded studies that contained no information on food categories and selected those performed in the temperate zone of Japan; data on fruits of horticultural or alien species were excluded from the analyses. Based on these selection criteria, we obtained data from 13 additional studies of bears (Arimoto, Goto, Nagai, & Furubayashi, ; Arimoto, Okamura, Koike, Yamazaki, & Kaji, ; Fujiwara, Koike, Yamazaki, Kozakai, & Kaji, ; Hashimoto & Anrui, ; Koike, ; Koike et al, , , ; Koike, Nakashita, Naganawa, Koyama, & Tamura, ; Nakajima et al, ; Oi, Nakashita, Fujita, Sugai, & Fujii, ; Takahashi, Shiota, Tamatani, Koyama, & Washitani, ; Yasue et al, ), two studies of martens (Hisano et al, ; Minowa, Shimooka, & Takatsuki, ), seven studies of raccoon dogs (Akihito, Teduka, & Kawada, ; Funakoshi, Tamai, & Yamasaki, ; Kobayashi & Hayashida, ; Sakamoto & Takatsuki, ; Sako, Kawada, Teduka, Uesugi, & Akihito, ; Takatsuki, ; Yoshino & Hagiwara, ), and four studies of macaques (Kazahari, Tsuji, & Agetsuma, ; Tsuji, ; Tsuji, Sato, & Sato, ; Tsuji & Takatsuki, ). All of nomenclature of plant names was extracted from The International Plant Names Index (The International Plant Names Index, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of fruits consumed by mammalian frugivores in Japanese temperate forest

Koike

Masaki

2019

Ecological Research

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Understanding the interactions among fruits and frugivore assemblages provides fundamental information for the management of ecosystems. Asian temperate forests are inhabited by distinct frugivores, namely, large tree-climbing mammals such as bears and macaques, suggesting that fruits and frugivore assemblages may vary from those of other temperate forests. Our aim here was to systematically analyze the characteristics of fruits consumed by four dominant frugivorous mammals in Japanese temperate forests and to clarify the fruit palatability or preference of each species by comparing the fruit consumption patterns of the frugivores. We collected fruit feeding records of Asian black bear, Japanese marten, raccoon dog and Japanese macaque, as well as detailed information on the characteristics of the fruits consumed. Among the 299 fruit species recorded, the size, color and type of fruits consumed by bears and macaques were similar, and the fruiting season and life form of plants bearing fruits consumed by bears, macaques and raccoon dogs were similar. However, the characteristics of fruits consumed by martens were different. The ability to climb trees, body weight and manual dexterity may influence these differences.

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Autumn Food Habits and Home-Range Elevations of Japanese Black Bears in Relation to Hard Mast Production in the Beech Family in Toyama Prefecture

Cited by 57 publications

References 14 publications

Spatial and elevational variation in fruiting phenology of a deciduous oak (Quercus crispula) and its effect on foraging behavior of the Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus)

Spatial and elevational variation in fruiting phenology of a deciduous oak (Quercus crispula) and its effect on foraging behavior of the Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus)

Influence of Food Availability on Matrilineal Site Fidelity of Female Asian Black Bears

Characteristics of fruits consumed by mammalian frugivores in Japanese temperate forest

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