Autorreporte de alergia al látex en estudiantes de medicina: prevalencia y factores asociados

Abstract

Background: Prevalence of latex allergy in medical students is not known. Objective: To determine the prevalence of self-reported latex allergy and associated factors in medical students. Methods: Cross-sectional, analytical study of students with or without self-reported latex allergy. By means of a structured questionnaire, past personal and family history of allergic disease, time and frequency of exposure to latex gloves and symptoms after exposure to products or foods associated with latex allergy were inquired. Logistic regression models were carried out. Results: Out of 854 subjects, 431 (50.5%) were females. Median age was 21 years. Overall prevalence of latex allergy was 4.3% (95% CI = 3.1 to 5.9). Associated risk factors were age (OR = 1.37; 95% CI = 1.05 to 1.79), personal history of atopic dermatitis (OR = 7.32; 95% CI = 3.14 to 17.08), use of gloves ≥ 15/week (OR = 2.59; 95% CI = 1.17 to 5.76), use of latex products (OR = 5.76; 95% CI = 2.15 to 15.49) and fruit allergy (OR = 3.24; 95% CI = 1.27 to 8.27). Conclusion: Four out of a hundred students reported latex allergy. Age, personal history of atopic dermatitis, higher frequency of exposure to latex gloves and history of fruit allergy were risk factors for self-report latex allergy.

Low prevalence of asthma in Mexican children and adults with a positive rtRT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2: a cross-sectional study during the 2020 pandemic

“…12 Even more, in Guadalajara, Mexico, asthma prevalence in women went from 4.2% to 8.5% and in men 3.5% to 5.7%. 13,14 In summary, children and adult's prevalence in our study in most states of Mexico was lower than the disease than the pediatric population; obesity, smoking, COPD, SAH, cardiovascular disease, and immunosuppression factors were significantly associated (p < 0.01) with asthma. Additionally, girl subjects younger than 18 years and immunosuppression factor decreased the odds to develop asthma but increased the chances to develop obesity.…”

Alergia al látex: opciones terapéuticas

“…En el personal de la salud, en general, las cifras pueden ir de 10 a 45 %, según el área donde laboran. 28 Esto también varía según la actividad profesional. Los odontólogos presentan cifras cercanas a 30 %, los cirujanos aproximadamente 50 % y la frecuencia es de 15 % en el resto del personal médico, mientras que puede oscilar entre 25 y 50 % entre el personal de enfermería.…”

Alergia al látex

“…Los antecedentes heredofamiliares más relevantes encontrados fueron tener padres con padecimientos como rinitis alérgica y asma. 26 Otro estudio, publicado en 2018, en el Hospital General de México, incluyó a 92 médicos residentes de áreas quirúrgicas y se observó que las especialidades con mayor proporción de sensibilización alérgica al látex fueron cirugía general y urología. Los factores de riesgo asociados fueron la estancia en el quirófano por más de cinco horas durante uno a tres años, así como padecer enfermedades alérgicas concomitantes.…”