Autopsy study of granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma) in patients with myelogenous leukemia, hiroshima-nagasaki 1949-1969

Liu, Paul I.; Ishimaru, Tadayuki; McGregor, Douglas H.; Okada, H; Steer, Arthur

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(197304)31:4<948::aid-cncr2820310428>3.0.co;2-n

Cited by 318 publications

(201 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…2,3 This review revealed that the other preferential sites were small intestine, mediastinum, epidural site, uterus, and ovary, i.e., sites often difficult for the detection and diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison in treatments of nonleukemic granulocytic sarcoma

Yamauchi

Yasuda

2002

Cancer

294

127

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BACKGROUNDThe purpose of this study was to reveal the clinical characteristics of nonleukemic granulocytic sarcoma (GS) and an association between the therapeutic regimens and the nonleukemic period.METHODClinical records of 2 patients reported here and 72 patients gathered using a literature search on Medline from other institutions were analyzed. The patients consisted of 57 patients who preceded acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) and 17 patients who did not develop ANLL. These patients were divided into 3 groups by therapeutic regimens; Group I included 12 patients who received only biopsy or surgical resection of the tumor, Group II was 20 patients who received local irradiation for the tumor, and Group III consisted of 42 patients who received systemic chemotherapy. The nonleukemic periods between these groups were compared. In Group III, the period in the patients who were treated with chemotherapy given to ANLL was compared with that in the patients who received chemotherapy used for malignant lymphoproliferative disorders (MLPDs).RESULTSThirty‐five patients (47%) initially were misdiagnosed, and the disease was most often malignant lymphoma. Preferential sites of GS were the small intestine, mediastinum, epidural site, uterus, and ovary, which often are difficult for the detection and diagnosis in addition to the skin and lymph nodes known commonly. The nonleukemic period after the diagnosis of GS was significantly longer in Group III than in the other groups (median, 12 months in Group III vs. 3 and 6 months in Groups I and II, respectively). The aggressive chemotherapy given to ANLL led to a longer nonleukemic period than the chemotherapy used for MLPDs.CONCLUSIONSTo reduce the risk of subsequent ANLL in patients with nonleukemic GS, it is important that accurate histologic diagnosis is established initially for GS and that all isolated cases of GS, even those that appear to be cured by resection or irradiation of the tumor, are treated with intensive chemotherapy similar to that used to treat ANLL during the nonleukemic period as soon as possible. Cancer 2002;94:1739–46. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10399

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Granulocytic sarcoma develops in 2-8 % of patients with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL). 1,2 It usually occurs concomitantly with or after the onset of ANLL. 3,4 On rare occasions, it evolves before the onset of ANLL, and among these cases it often is misdiagnosed as malignant lymphoma.…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparison in treatments of nonleukemic granulocytic sarcoma

Yamauchi

Yasuda

2002

Cancer

294

127

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“…1,2 In many cases, granulocytic sarcoma emerges at the time of relapse of myeloid neoplasm. In the present case, however, the tumor occurred concurrent with the onset of myeloid leukemia, and such pattern of onset is relatively uncommon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Granulocytic sarcoma is a very rare disease, comprising approximately 2% to 9% of all patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). 1,2 The histologic morphology of granulocytic sarcoma may lead to its misdiagnosis as malignant lymphoma, 3,4 and early diagnosis of this tumor is very difficult.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful Treatment of Bulky Granulocytic Sarcoma of the Retroperitoneum with High-Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation

Matsui

Hidaka

Kiyokawa

et al. 2013

J Clin Exp Hematopathol

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Granulocytic sarcoma is a rare disease that is rarely curable with conventional chemotherapy. This report describes a case of a patient with bulky granulocytic sarcoma of the retroperitoneum who was treated with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation without administering granulocyte colony-stimulating factor before stem cell collection. According to bone marrow assessment and imaging studies, the patient remained in complete remission at 5 years after transplantation. This case suggests that high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation is a therapeutic option for granulocytic sarcoma. 〔J Clin Exp Hematop 53(3) : 235-239, 2013〕

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“…GS develops in 2-8% of patients with AML [1,2] and it could manifest in any anatomical location including the skin [3], lymph nodes [4,5], gastro-intestinal tract [6,7], bone [8], soft tissue [9], ovaries, and brain [10]. The majority of GS do not cause clinically significant signs and symptoms.…”

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confidence: 99%

Granulocytic sarcoma with massive scalp involvement

Quintás‐Cardama

Harb

Amin³

et al. 2007

American J Hematol

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A 71-year-old woman with a past medical history of diabetes mellitus type II, hypertension, coronary artery disease, and hypothyroidism, presented to her family physician with a 4-cm lesion in her mid-lower back, with necrotic center. The lesion was treated with topical medications without success; she then developed similar lesions ranging in size from 1 to 3 cm on her scalp, chest, back, and upper extremities. A skin biopsy showed the presence of mid-sized blasts extending into the deep dermis, positive for CD13, CD33, CD117, HLA-DR, TdT, and negative for CD3 and

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Autopsy study of granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma) in patients with myelogenous leukemia, hiroshima-nagasaki 1949-1969

Cited by 318 publications

References 6 publications

Comparison in treatments of nonleukemic granulocytic sarcoma

Comparison in treatments of nonleukemic granulocytic sarcoma

Successful Treatment of Bulky Granulocytic Sarcoma of the Retroperitoneum with High-Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation

Granulocytic sarcoma with massive scalp involvement

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