Autonomic imbalance captures maternal and fetal circulatory response to pre-eclampsia

Abstract

BackgroundPre-eclampsia (PE) is a gestational disease featured by hypertension, arterial systemic vasculopathy, multiple organ failure and fetal compromise.The aim of the investigation was to determine the role of maternal respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) in regulation of the fetal circulatory system in case of healthy pregnancy and in PE.MethodsThe investigation of maternal and fetal HRV and fetal CTG variables in 106 patients at 34–40 weeks of gestation was performed. 30 of them had healthy pregnancy and were involved in the Group I. In Group II 44 pregnant women with mild-moderate PE were observed. 32 patients with severe PE were monitored in Group III.ResultThe maternal sympathetic overactivity modulated HRV in PE by suppressing total power (TP) and parasympathetic tone. The lack of RSA was explored in preeclamptic patients. The centralization of hemodynamics was a result of the hypersympatheticotonia in severe PE. Fetal circulatory response to PE featured by an increased sympathetic tone. The modulated fetal CTG variables captured the suppression of fetal biophysical activity and the development of fetal distress in severe PE.Strong relationship between maternal and fetal TPs, maternal and fetal RMSSDs was found in healthy pregnancy. The correlations between the maternal and fetal TPs, the maternal and fetal RMSSDs in the patients with severe PE were disturbed.ConclusionThe maternal RSA propagated its influence on the fetal autonomic nervous regulation in normal gestation. The maternal and fetal hemodynamic coupling was reduced in PE.

Fuzzy Detection of Fetal Distress for Antenatal Monitoring in Pregnancy with Fetal Growth Restriction and Normal

“…Maternal respiratory sinus arrhythmia was speculated as a reason of this regularity. It was disturbed in preeclampsia [11]. Fetal growth is known to be impacted by maternal organism [6,13].…”

“…These records were divided into four groups: Group I composed of healthy pregnant women without loss of fetal well-being, group II of healthy pregnant women with loss of fetal wellbeing, group III of pregnant women of high-risk type III without loss of fetal well-being, and group IV of pregnant women of high-risk type III with loss of fetal well-being. NI-FECG tracing was obtained from the maternal abdominal wall using the Cardiolab Babycard equipment (Scientific and research center "KhAI Medica," Ukraine) [1,11,12]. The sampling rate was 1000 Hz.…”

“…Recent research has explored different biochemical and biophysical markers, as well as the correlation between maternal-fetal hemodynamic processes, to better understand the complex processes involved in the loss of fetal well-being [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Quantification of Feto-Maternal Heart Rate from Abdominal ECG Signal Using Empirical Mode Decomposition for Heart Rate Variability Analysis

“…Figure 11A shows the RR-tachogram obtained from the reference mECG signal and extracted mECG signal and their corresponding Fast Fourier transform (FFT) spectrum and Autoregressive (AR) power spectrum plots. Various studies in the past have been done to evaluate the relationship between maternal HRV and fetal HRV during pregnancy-related pathologies like hypertension and pre-eclampsia [56,57]. The influence of maternal Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia (RSA) on maternal HRV and fetal autonomic nervous regulation in normal gestation is also investigated by researchers [57].…”

“…Various studies in the past have been done to evaluate the relationship between maternal HRV and fetal HRV during pregnancy-related pathologies like hypertension and pre-eclampsia [56,57]. The influence of maternal Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia (RSA) on maternal HRV and fetal autonomic nervous regulation in normal gestation is also investigated by researchers [57]. Figure 11B shows the RR-tachogram obtained from the reference fECG signal and extracted fECG signal and their corresponding FFT spectrum and Autoregressive (AR) power spectrum plots.…”