Automatic Stepwise Potentiometric Titration in a Monosegmented Flow System

Borges, Eduardo P.; Martelli, Patrícia Benedini; Reis, Boaventura F.

doi:10.1007/s006040070008

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Regarding monosegmented flow titration, it is based on formation of segments of a mixture of sample and titrant separated on both sides from the carrier by segments of air (or inert gas) [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. Sample and titrant can be introduced into monosegments in various ways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Integrated Flow-Based Steam Distillation and Titration System for Determination of Volatile Acidity in Wines

et al. 2021

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Novel integrated flow-based steam distillation and titration system with spectrophotometric detection was developed for determination of volatile acidity in wines. Using the system, the distillation procedure was carried out in an automatic manner, starting with introducing into a heated steam distillation module a sample and subjecting it to steam distillation. Under selected conditions, all the analyte was transferred to the distillate; therefore, the system did not require calibration. The collected distillate and titrant were introduced into the next monosegments in varying proportions, in accordance with the developed titration procedure, and directed to the detection system to record the titration curve. The titration was stopped after reaching the end point of titration. Procedures for distillation and titration were developed and verified separately by distillation of acetic acid, acetic acid in the presence of tartaric acid as well as acetic acid, tartaric acid, and titratable acidity, with precision (relative standard deviation) and accuracy (relative error) for both procedures lower than 6.9 and 5.6%, respectively. The developed steam distillation and titration systems were used to determine volatile acidity in samples of white and rosé wines separately and as the integrated steam distillation and titration system, both with precision lower than 9.4% and accuracy better than 6.7%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Integrated Flow-Based Steam Distillation and Titration System for Determination of Volatile Acidity in Wines

et al. 2021

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“…Monosegmented flow titration is characterized by the formation of segments of liquid-each segment consists of the sample, titrant, and possibly a diluent-separated on both sides from the carrier by a segment of air (or inert gas) [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. The components of the created monosegment are mixed in a reaction coil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The components of the created monosegment are mixed in a reaction coil. In order to facilitate homogenization, several smaller segments may be introduced alternately instead of a single segment of the sample and the titrant [21,23]. For a monosegment prepared in this way, usually, a peak with a plateau is registered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For a monosegment prepared in this way, usually, a peak with a plateau is registered. While maintaining the size of the entire monosegment, the described procedure is repeated, changing the volume of the titrant segment introduced into the monosegment [21,24] or selecting the volume of both the titrant and the sample [23,25]. In this method of titration, the endpoint is determined on the basis of titration curves representing the relation between signal and titrant volume [23] or time [24] or using an appropriate numerical algorithm [21,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel Approach to Automated Flow Titration for the Determination of Fe(III)

et al. 2020

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A novel approach to automated flow titration with spectrophotometric detection for the determination of Fe(III) is presented. The approach is based on the possibility of strict and simultaneous control of the flow rates of sample and titrant streams over time. It consists of creating different but precisely defined concentration gradients of titrant and analyte in each successively formed monosegments, and is based on using the calculated titrant dilution factor. The procedure was verified by complexometric titration of Fe(III) in the form of a complex with sulfosalicylic acid, using EDTA as a titrant. Fe(III) and Fe(II) (after oxidation to Fe(III) with the use of H2O2) were determined with good precision (CV lower than 1.7%, n = 6) and accuracy ( | RE | lower than 3.3%). The approach was applied to determine Fe(III) and Fe(II) in artesian water samples. Results of determinations were consistent with values obtained using the ICP–OES reference method. Using the procedure, it was possible to perform titration in 6 min for a wide range of analyte concentrations, using 2.4 mL of both sample and titrant.

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“…[5][6][7] The flow system manifold based on multicommutation presents as advantages ability to handle several solutions using a single pumping channel, low reagent consumption and facility for automation using not expensive equipment. 8,9 Considering the comments pointed out above, in this work one intend to develop an automated procedure for the determination of lactate in fermented sugar cane juice using lactate oxidase reaction and spectrophotometric detection. 5 The procedure will be implemented employing a flow manifold designed to implement multicommutation and binary sampling approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multicommutated flow system for spectrophotometric L(+)lactate determination in alcoholic fermented sugar cane juice using enzymatic reaction

Kronka¹,

Paim²,

Tumang³

et al. 2005

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Neste trabalho foi desenvolvido um procedimento empregando multicomutação em fluxo e reação enzimática para determinação espectrofotométrica de L(+)lactato proveniente da fermentação alcoólica de vinho (mosto de cana de açúcar) O método espectrofotométrico foi baseado na reação com a enzima lactato oxidase, seguida pela reação com a enzima peroxidase e posterior condensação entre 4-clorofenol e 4 -aminoantipirina. O módulo de análise foi constituído por um conjunto de três válvulas solenóides, bomba peristáltica, espectrofotômetro e microcomputador equipado com interface de controle. Um programa escrito em QuickBASIC 4.5 foi desenvolvido para controlar as válvulas solenóides e realizar aquisição de dados. Amostras na faixa de concentração de 5,0 a 100,0 mg L -1 de L(+)lactato foram analisadas usando uma solução contendo 150 UI de lactato oxidase e 200 UI de peroxidase. Outras características analíticas tais como, desvio padrão relativo de 2% (n = 15) para uma amostra típica contendo 38,5 mg L -1 de L(+)lactato; freqüência de amostragem de 36 determinações por hora; e baixo consumo de reagentes (1,0 µg de 4-clorofenol e 0,1 µg 4-aminoantipirina) por determinação também foram obtidas.A multicommutation flow system for the spectrophotometric determination of L(+)lactate in alcohol fermented sugar cane juice is proposed. The spectrophotometric method was based on the L(+)lactate conversion to pyruvate plus hydrogen peroxide by the lactate oxides enzyme, followed by reaction with peroxidase enzyme and condensation between 4-chlorophenol and 4-aminoantipyrine. The flow system network comprised three three-way solenoid valves controlled by a microcomputer that running a software wrote in Quick BASIC 4.5 provided also facilities to perform data acquisition. After optimization of system parameters, a set of alcohol fermented juice was analyzed to prove the procedure feasibility. Samples with concentration raging from 5.0 to 100.0 mg L -1 L(+)lactate were analyzed using a 150 UI lactate oxidize and 200 UI peroxidase enzymatic solution. Other advantageous features such as a relative standard deviation of 2% (n = 15) for a typical sample containing 38.5 mg L -1 L(+)lactate; an analytical throughput of 36 determination per hour; and a low reagent consumption 1.0 µg 4-chlorophenol and 0.1 µg 4-aminoantipyrine per determination were also achieved.

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Automatic Stepwise Potentiometric Titration in a Monosegmented Flow System

Cited by 17 publications

References 1 publication

Novel Integrated Flow-Based Steam Distillation and Titration System for Determination of Volatile Acidity in Wines

Novel Integrated Flow-Based Steam Distillation and Titration System for Determination of Volatile Acidity in Wines

Novel Approach to Automated Flow Titration for the Determination of Fe(III)

Multicommutated flow system for spectrophotometric L(+)lactate determination in alcoholic fermented sugar cane juice using enzymatic reaction

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