Automatic dispersion, long-term stability of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in high concentration electrolytes

Ma, Lun; He, Yi; Luo, Peng; Zhang, Liyun; Yu, Yalu

doi:10.1007/s11051-018-4148-z

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…For the bare PSSNa saloplastic, a negative charge was manifested in the entire pH range, with high stability values varying between −40 and −70 mV. Similar negative values of −41 to −52 mV have been reported for the PSSNa/MWNT in the KCl solution, which has a pH close to neutral [48]. Furthermore, a high Zeta potential for the PSSNa-coated Au of (−47.9 ± 3.2) mV was reported [49].…”

Section: Colloidal Thermal and Textural Propertiessupporting

confidence: 76%

Synthesis and Characterization of Maghemite Nanoparticles Functionalized with Poly(Sodium 4-Styrene Sulfonate) Saloplastic and Its Acute Ecotoxicological Impact on the Cladoceran Daphnia magna

Ramos-Guivar,

Rueda-Vellasmin,

Manrique-Castillo

et al. 2024

Polymers

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Using a modified co-precipitation method, 11(2) nm γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles functionalized with PSSNa [Poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate)] saloplastic polymer were successfully synthesized, and their structural, vibrational, electronic, thermal, colloidal, hyperfine, and magnetic properties were systematically studied using various analytic techniques. The results showed that the functionalized γ-Fe2O3/PSSNa nanohybrid has physicochemical properties that allow it to be applied in the magnetic remediation process of water. Before being applied as a nanoadsorbent in real water treatment, a short-term acute assay was developed and standardized using a Daphnia magna biomarker. The ecotoxicological tests indicated that the different concentrations of the functionalized nanohybrid may affect the mortality of the Daphnia magna population during the first 24 h of exposure. A lethal concentration of 533(5) mg L−1 was found. At high concentrations, morphological changes were also seen in the body, heart, and antenna. Therefore, these results suggested the presence of alterations in normal growth and swimming skills. The main changes observed in the D. magna features were basically caused by the PSSNa polymer due to its highly stable colloidal properties (zeta potential > −30 mV) that permit a direct and constant interaction with the Daphnia magna neonates.

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Section: Colloidal Thermal and Textural Propertiessupporting

confidence: 76%

Synthesis and Characterization of Maghemite Nanoparticles Functionalized with Poly(Sodium 4-Styrene Sulfonate) Saloplastic and Its Acute Ecotoxicological Impact on the Cladoceran Daphnia magna

Ramos-Guivar,

Rueda-Vellasmin,

Manrique-Castillo

et al. 2024

Polymers

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“…There may be three reasons: First, the rigid MWCNTs are attached to flexible branched chains, which are intertwined to prevent MWCNTs from settling and thicken polymer solution. Secondly, branched chains with a large number of hydrophilic groups make the molecular chain more fully extend and increase the hydrodynamic volume due to hydration and charge repulsion . Finally, the molecular with the structure like tree branches possesses large molecular hydrodynamic volume, so that the solution exhibits high viscosity, preventing MWCNTs sedimentation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are significant nanomaterials with excellent mechanical, electrical, and chemical properties, which are seamless hollow microtubules made of single or multiple layers of graphite sheets curled around a central axis at a certain spiral angle . In order to improve dispersion stability of CNTs, the method of in situ grafting polymer on the surface of CNTs has been reported in recent years . By this method, polymer is directly grafted onto the side wall of CNTs by free radical polymerization, which will minimize the structural change of CNTs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ synthesis, structure, and properties of a dendritic branched nano‐thickening agent for high temperature fracturing fluid

Tie

Yan

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The aim of this work was to prepare a novel dendritic branched nano-thickening agent by free radical polymerization of acrylamide (AM), acrylic acid (AA), sodium p-styrene sulfonate, dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, and multiwalled carbon nanotubes. The as-synthesized nano-thickening agent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared, Raman spectra, transmission electron microscope, 1 H-NMR, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Compared with the pristine polymer and partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM), thickening capacity, temperature resistance, and salt tolerance properties of the nano-thickening agent considerably improved, and the viscosity of 0.5% nano-polymer solution was 126.5 mPaÁs. Additionally, the properties of the nano-gel prepared by nano-thickener, such as temperature and shear tolerance, viscoelasticity, sand carrying capacity, and gel breaking performance, were evaluated showing the satisfactory performance of the nano-gel under high temperature condition. The results indicated that the nano-thickener has potential applications in the field of oil and gas production.

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“…As a relatively novel material, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are seamless hollow microtubules made of single-layer or multilayer graphene sheets curled around the central axis at a certain angle (Figure ). , With high strength and flexibility, CNTs have been widely studied in many different application fields. ,, However, the inherent strong van der Waals force between tubes, nonreactive surface, and high specific surface area and aspect ratio will decrease the stability of CNTs in solution, so it is very essential to apply them after chemical modification. , The functionalization or modification of nanomaterials not only improves the stability and dispersion of nanomaterials but also provides flexibility for the interaction (such as hydrogen bonding) with surfactants, contributing to improving the stability of the network structure. ,, For example, Afra et al investigated the effect of functionalized CNTs (FCNTs) on the performance of the VES systems. These FCNTs contain a large number of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups.…”

Section: High-temperature-resistant Ves Fracturing Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…290,319,320 However, the inherent strong van der Waals force between tubes, nonreactive surface, and high specific surface area and aspect ratio will decrease the stability of CNTs in solution, 321 so it is very essential to apply them after chemical modification. 322,323 The functionalization or modification of nanomaterials not only improves the stability and dispersion of nanomaterials but also provides flexibility for the interaction (such as hydrogen bonding) with surfactants, contributing to improving the stability of the network structure. 285,308,320 For example, Afra et al 291 investigated the effect of functionalized CNTs (FCNTs) on the performance of the VES systems.…”

Section: Counterion Salt Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on High-Temperature-Resistant Viscoelastic Surfactant Fracturing Fluids: State-of-the-Art and Perspectives

Liu

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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A viscoelastic surfactant (VES) fluid is an important part of a water-based fracturing fluid. As oil and gas exploration expands into deep, high-temperature, low-permeability reservoirs, the conventional VES fracturing fluid has shown great limitations. The high-temperature-resistance mechanisms of the high-temperature-resistant VES fracturing fluids in publicly available literature were analyzed from five aspects: single-chain surfactant system, oligomeric surfactant system, counterion effect, blended surfactant system, and nano-enhanced VES system. The friction-reduction performance, sand-carrying performance, gel-breaking performance, and core-damage performance of these systems were summarized. The results show that oligomeric surfactants with a monounsaturated hydrophobic long chain (>C21) are most likely to be used for VES fracturing fluids in high-temperature reservoirs, but the loading of the surfactants is still relatively high (3–5 wt %). By reducing the repulsion among polar headgroups to effectively decrease the area of head groups, or/and penetrating into the nonpolar cores based on hydrophobic interaction to increase the average hydrophobic volume of hydrophobic tails, counterions affect the performance of VESs. The aromatic counterion salts are preferred choices for improving the temperature resistance, friction reduction, and suspended sand performance of VES fluids. The blended surfactant/synthetic polymer systems based on noncovalent interaction improve the temperature resistance of VES fluids and reduce the loading of the surfactants to a certain extent. Based on the “pseudo-cross-linking” of nanomaterials and wormlike micelles, a very small amount of nanomaterials can improve the temperature resistance of VES fluids and reduce the loading of the surfactants. The most essential and effective method to improve the temperature resistance of VES fluids for fracturing is the molecular structure design based on the packing parameter theory. However, the synthesis process or route still needs further optimization to reduce production costs. In addition, given the excellent performance of VES fluids enhanced by nanomaterials, further research should be conducted on the influence mechanism of nanomaterial type and geometric features on the performance of VESs, as well as the potential harmfulness of nanomaterials, to promote the field-scale application of nano-enhanced VES fluids.

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Automatic dispersion, long-term stability of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in high concentration electrolytes

Cited by 9 publications

References 35 publications

Synthesis and Characterization of Maghemite Nanoparticles Functionalized with Poly(Sodium 4-Styrene Sulfonate) Saloplastic and Its Acute Ecotoxicological Impact on the Cladoceran Daphnia magna

Synthesis and Characterization of Maghemite Nanoparticles Functionalized with Poly(Sodium 4-Styrene Sulfonate) Saloplastic and Its Acute Ecotoxicological Impact on the Cladoceran Daphnia magna

In situ synthesis, structure, and properties of a dendritic branched nano‐thickening agent for high temperature fracturing fluid

Review on High-Temperature-Resistant Viscoelastic Surfactant Fracturing Fluids: State-of-the-Art and Perspectives

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