Automated Analysis of Wide-Field Specular Photomicrographs

Hirst, Lawrence W.; Sterner, R. E.; Grant, David

doi:10.1097/00003226-198402000-00001

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Some of them are based on classic image processing techniques (LESTER et al, 1981;HIRST et al, 1984;HARTMANN and KODITZ, 1984;NISHI and HANASAKI, 1988;SIERTSEMA et al, 1993;CORKIDI et al, 1993); others employ more advanced techniques such as mathematical morphology (HASEGAWA et al, 1992), artificial neural networks (HASEGAWA et al, 1996), fuzzy logic (REINHARD et al, 1999), or some combination of them (FoRACCHIA and RUGGERI, 2000). Some algorithms were also implemented in commercial systems, provided either by microscope makers, such as Konan or Topcon, or by software providers, such as Bio-Optics (BENETZ et al, 1999), Rhine-Tec (REINHARD et al, 1999) or Nidek Technologies (FoRACCHIA and RUGGERI, 2000).…”

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Automatic estimation of endothelium cell density in donor corneas by means of Fourier analysis

Foracchia¹,

Ruggeri

2004

Med. Biol. Eng. Comput.

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One of the main clinical parameters expressing the health of a cornea is the cell density of its endothelium. This information is particularly important in an eye bank environment, where donor corneas are screened to assess their suitability as a human graft. Endothelium cell density is conventionally estimated by a long, tedious and error-prone manual counting procedure, performed by cornea experts on specimen images observed through an optical microscope. An alternative solution is proposed: a computer program that provides automatic estimation of cell density in donor corneas by analysing the spatial frequencies contained in the image. A circular band in the 2D discrete Fourier transform of the image is shown to contain the relevant information about the cell density. A system for extracting from this spatial frequency information an estimate of the cell density has been developed. A clinical evaluation of the proposed technique was performed on 18 corneas, where the densities provided by the proposed technique were compared with those manually obtained by two experts. The results showed an average percentage difference of 3% (maximum 19%), a value well within the measured inter-expert range of variability. The proposed automatic procedure confirmed its ability to estimate correctly corneal endothelium cell density.

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confidence: 99%

Automatic estimation of endothelium cell density in donor corneas by means of Fourier analysis

Foracchia¹,

Ruggeri

2004

Med. Biol. Eng. Comput.

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“…11 14 Development of wide field specular microscopy, enabling 2000 to 3000 cells to be viewed, 25 allowed better mosaic sampling and analysis of a very large number of cells (over 400). 12 However, the technology of the time limited its use because of excessive analysis time, close to 30 minutes, and was only suited to in vivo specular microscopy. With our analyser, selection of several zones on three wide field optical microscopy images makes it theoretically possible to analyse between 4000 and 6000 cells on a corneal area of 2.25 mm 2 , constituting a sample of over 4% of the central 8 mm area (50.26 mm 2 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Automated tri-image analysis of stored corneal endothelium

Gain¹,

Thuret

Kodjikian

et al. 2002

British Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…In contrast, computerized image analysis has the potential for larger studies and can also help to eliminate human error and bias [ 15,16], Nevertheless, endothelial images taken with an inverted phase-contrast microscope cannot be analyzed by systems introduced un til now, as images differ from pictures taken with the specular microscope: (1) the cell bor der contrast is inverted (white on black), and (2) borders are not sharply outlined, but an irregularly broad intercellular space is seen ( fig. 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated Digital Image Analysis of Organ Culture Preserved Donor Corneas

Barisani-Asenbauer

Baumgartner²,

Grabner³

et al. 1993

Ophthalmic Res

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The present study reports the application of a modified commercially available automated digital image analysis system (DIA) for the evaluation of organ culture preserved donor corneas. The central corneal endothelium was viewed and photographed under an inverted phase-contrast microscope. The images were then analyzed with the help of DIA. The results of DIA were compared to the findings obtained with a conventional ‘fixed-frame analysis’ for the same corneas. 100 human donor corneas have been evaluated. DIA, with interactive picture enhancement, was found to be practicable, and to yield reproducible results. The mean number of cells analyzed per photograph was 250 (range 95-395); this, on the average, was four times higher than with conventional fixed-frame analysis (mean 54, range 37-70). The correlation of the cell densities obtained with both methods was highly significant (p < 0.0001). Since additional information, like variation in cell size and shape (circularity form factor), was automatically computed by the program, more data on the homogeneity of the donor endothelial cell pattern were available. Futhermore, this computerized technique does not require an experienced investigator and thereby helps to eliminate bias.

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Automated Analysis of Wide-Field Specular Photomicrographs

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Automatic estimation of endothelium cell density in donor corneas by means of Fourier analysis

Automatic estimation of endothelium cell density in donor corneas by means of Fourier analysis

Automated tri-image analysis of stored corneal endothelium

Automated Digital Image Analysis of Organ Culture Preserved Donor Corneas

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