Autologous Glioma Transplantation

Bloom, WilliamH.; Carstairs, KelvinC.; Crompton, M. R.; McKissock, Wylie

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(60)91219-8

Cited by 43 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Most of the work in this area has centered on glioblastoma mul tiforme, since malignant tumors would be expected to be antigenically most distinct from normal tissue. Active specific immunotherapy employs subcutaneous implan tation of astrocytoma cells in an attempt to selectively augment the patients' immune response [39,40], Active nonspecific immunotherapy employs nonspecific im munologic stimulation such as BCG or other bacterial antigens [41], In adoptive immunotherapy, immunologically active cells (peripheral white blood cells or bone marrow) are transfused directly into tumor cavities [42] or into the subarachnoid space [43], To date, none of these strategies has met with success in managing either malignant or low-grade astrocytomas.…”

Section: Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Management of Low-Grade Astrocytomas of Childhood

Sutton

1987

Pediatr Neurosurg

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Section: Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Management of Low-Grade Astrocytomas of Childhood

Sutton

1987

Pediatr Neurosurg

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“…The immunotherapy of malignant glioma can be divided into four major categories: 1) adoptive immunotherapy [60,78,79], 2) active specific immunotherapy [8,9,34], 3) active nonspecific immunotherapy [52,72,89,90], and 4) restorative immunotherapy [17,77]. In this review, we will discuss particularly our new approach to the specific adoptive immunotherapy for malignant gliomas with tumour-specific CTL clones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific adoptive immunotherapy of malignant glioma with long-term cytotoxic T lymphocyte line expanded in T-cell growth factor

et al. 1984

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The purposes of the current study were: (1) to investigate the immunoregulatory effects of T-cell growth factor (TCGF) on the activation and differentiation of syngeneic cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) populations generated against a 20-methylcholanthrene-induced ependymoblastoma, 203-glioma, in C57BL/6 mice; and (2) to determine whether the glioma-specific CTL clone (G-CTLL) could be established by TCGF, and whether the in vivo efficacy of the cloned cells could be rendered more effective in adoptive therapy. It was found that TCGF largely allows the CTL populations to proliferate and thus can activate the depressed cytotoxic activity in tumour-bearing mice. Two lines of G-CTLL were successfully obtained by the limiting dilution technique. The G-CTLL retained a TCGF-dependent proliferative growth and a marked cytotoxic activity with target specificity for over 18 months, characterized by a surface phenotype of Lyt-1-.2.3+, Lyt-2 antibody blocking of cytotoxicity and the production of immune interferon in response to mitogen and tumour antigen. In the Winn assay and the adoptive transfer assay, the therapeutic effects were detected in intracranially inoculated tumours in mice. The in vivo efficacy was dependent on the dose of G-CTLL and on the time of the intravenous administration, although the transfer was inversely ineffective in conditions of increased intracranial pressure. The mechanism responsible for the in vivo effect was probably due to the adoptive immunity and/or the tumour-specific interferon production of G-CTLL.

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“…To ensure that immune cells located systemically could “see” the tumor, they placed autologous glioma cells into the thighs of patients. The vaccines given into the thighs actually started growing there and metastasized to regional nodes [16, 17]. Ten years later, Bloom and colleagues administered irradiated, whole autologous tumor cell vaccines.…”

Section: The Long Road To Current Glioma Therapeutic Vaccine Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotherapy of Malignant Gliomas Using Autologous and Allogeneic Tissue Cells

Hofman¹,

Stathopoulos²,

Kruse³

et al. 2010

ACAMC

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Immunotherapy of brain tumors is rapidly emerging as a potential clinical option [1–3]. The quality and magnitude of immune responses evoked by the new generation anti-tumor vaccines is in general highly dependent on the source or choice of peptide antigens, and as well, a suitable immunopotentiator. Poorly immunogenic antigens, such as those present in tumor cell lysates, may not reliably provide stimulation like recombinant or DNA-encoded protein antigens might be expected to. In addition, the efficacy of the vaccine may depend on inherent counteracting measures of the tumor which dampen immune surveillance and immune effector activity triggered by immunization [4]. Our body has many means of limiting an immune response to our own (self) proteins. In particular, patients with gliomas exhibit a broad suppression of cell-mediated immunity [5–8]. Unfortunately, for most tumor vaccines the induction of local or systemic immune effector cells does not necessarily translate into objective clinical responses or increased survival [9]. Here we review immunotherapeutic approaches against gliomas and recent pre-clinical and clinical initiatives based on cellular or active immunization of the patient’s immune system using autologous and allogeneic tissues or cultured cells. Available evidence shows that single modality cancer therapies likely remain suboptimal. Combination regimens targeting the immune system at multiple coordinated levels must be developed, and possibly combined with strategies to inhibit immune suppressive factors if significant clinical benefit is to be achieved.

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Autologous Glioma Transplantation

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

Current Management of Low-Grade Astrocytomas of Childhood

Current Management of Low-Grade Astrocytomas of Childhood

Specific adoptive immunotherapy of malignant glioma with long-term cytotoxic T lymphocyte line expanded in T-cell growth factor

Immunotherapy of Malignant Gliomas Using Autologous and Allogeneic Tissue Cells

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