Auto-ignition and upper explosion limit of rich propane–air mixtures at elevated pressures

Norman, Frederik; Schoor, Filip Van den; Verplaetsen, Filip

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.03.018

Cited by 30 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…Many papers have been published about ignition [58][59][60][61][62][63]. It should be noted that experiments on ignition energies carried out by Pasamehmetoglu and Unal [64] …”

Section: Ignition Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Flammability limits: A review with emphasis on ethanol for aeronautical applications and description of the experimental procedure

Coronado

Carvalho

Andrade

et al. 2012

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…Many papers have been published about ignition [58][59][60][61][62][63]. It should be noted that experiments on ignition energies carried out by Pasamehmetoglu and Unal [64] …”

Section: Ignition Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Flammability limits: A review with emphasis on ethanol for aeronautical applications and description of the experimental procedure

Coronado

Carvalho

Andrade

et al. 2012

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…R290 is chemically stable, less toxic but flammable for the combustion degree is A3. The flammability limit is less than 0.1 kg·m −2 , and the heat of combustion is higher than 19,000 kJ·kg −1 , so the safety protection measurement should be taken in the use of R290 39,40 . Meanwhile, R1234ze(E) is non‐toxic, non‐combustible, and chemically stable.…”

Section: Results Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of using near‐azeotropic refrigerant mixture R290/R1234ze(E) as substitute for R22

Wang

et al. 2020

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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The flammability and explosiveness are the disadvantages of the application of R290 practically as an alternative refrigerant of R22. However, adding flame‐retardant R1234ze(E) to R290 can make up for those shortcomings. The refrigerant mixture R290/R1234ze(E) with mass ratio 55%:45% (coded RC01) was proposed to replace R22. The data of RC01 were obtained by calculating using the refrigerant software REFPROP9.1. The environmental impact indexes, temperature glide characteristics, thermodynamic and thermophysical properties, theoretical thermodynamic cycle performances, safety, and lubrication properties of RC01 were analyzed and compared with that of R22, R410A, R407C, R290, R1234ze(E), respectively. The results show that the RC01, with the ozone depletion potential of 0 and global warming potential of 12, is a near‐azeotropic refrigerant whose glide temperature is approximately 0, and it has better thermodynamic and thermophysical properties as well as theoretical thermodynamic cycle performances. The RC01 also has good lubrication characteristics and low flammability. So it is technically feasible to replace R22.

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“…Here, the intake valve closing timing is set to BTDC 150 C to control backfire. The self-ignition temperature with respect to the compression ratio change (T o ) is estimated by the Semenov equation, delineated in equation (1) [19]: where P a is the compression pressure measured at top dead center during motoring.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of compression ignition for hydrogen fueled engine with neat hydrogen-air pre-mixture by using high compression

Lee

Kim

Byun

et al. 2013

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Auto-ignition and upper explosion limit of rich propane–air mixtures at elevated pressures

Cited by 30 publications

References 13 publications

Flammability limits: A review with emphasis on ethanol for aeronautical applications and description of the experimental procedure

Flammability limits: A review with emphasis on ethanol for aeronautical applications and description of the experimental procedure

Feasibility of using near‐azeotropic refrigerant mixture R290/R1234ze(E) as substitute for R22

Feasibility of compression ignition for hydrogen fueled engine with neat hydrogen-air pre-mixture by using high compression

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