Autism spectrum disorders - an emerging area in psychopharmacology

Steckler, Thomas; Spooren, Will; Murphy, Declan

doi:10.1007/s00213-014-3460-2

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Overall, research is urgently needed to increase the understanding of response to available medication, develop new individualized therapeutic options, identify valid and reliable outcome measures, and determine best practice guidelines for adults with ASD. 141 It is hoped that recent international multidisciplinary collaborations will enable the development of bench to bedside novel therapeutic options that may include consideration of both genetic and neurobiological causes of ASD and comorbid difficulties and response to treatment. For example, European Autism Interventions - A Multicentre Study for Developing New Medications (EU-AIMS) is a multicenter, European-wide autism initiative to develop novel therapeutic options, develop expert clinical sites, and provide a shared knowledge platform for people with ASD and professionals.…”

Section: Service Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism spectrum disorder in adults: diagnosis, management, and health services development

Murphy¹,

Wilson²,

Robertson³

et al. 2016

NDT

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193

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by pervasive difficulties since early childhood across reciprocal social communication and restricted, repetitive interests and behaviors. Although early ASD research focused primarily on children, there is increasing recognition that ASD is a lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder. However, although health and education services for children with ASD are relatively well established, service provision for adults with ASD is in its infancy. There is a lack of health services research for adults with ASD, including identification of comorbid health difficulties, rigorous treatment trials (pharmacological and psychological), development of new pharmacotherapies, investigation of transition and aging across the lifespan, and consideration of sex differences and the views of people with ASD. This article reviews available evidence regarding the etiology, legislation, diagnosis, management, and service provision for adults with ASD and considers what is needed to support adults with ASD as they age. We conclude that health services research for adults with ASD is urgently warranted. In particular, research is required to better understand the needs of adults with ASD, including health, aging, service development, transition, treatment options across the lifespan, sex, and the views of people with ASD. Additionally, the outcomes of recent international legislative efforts to raise awareness of ASD and service provision for adults with ASD are to be determined. Future research is required to identify high-quality, evidence-based, and cost-effective models of care. Furthermore, future health services research is also required at the beginning and end of adulthood, including improved transition from youth to adult health care and increased understanding of aging and health in older adults with ASD.

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Section: Service Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism spectrum disorder in adults: diagnosis, management, and health services development

Murphy¹,

Wilson²,

Robertson³

et al. 2016

NDT

Self Cite

193

131

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There has been no effective pharmacological treatment for the core symptoms of this prevalent and highly impairing disorder 17 . However recent studies support that the pharmacological interventions can play role in enhancing individuals' participation in behavioral /educational therapies and also control of additional mental health symptoms (irritability, aggression, hyperactivity, and intellectual disability), epilepsy and sleep problems, leading to better outcomes and overall quality of life 16,[18][19][20][21][22] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Burden of Psychopharmacological Medication in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Importance of Early Diagnosis

Bodur

Taşkıran

Işıldar

et al. 2016

Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni-Bulletin of Clinical Psychophar

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Factors affecting burden of psychopharmacological medication in patients with autism spectrum disorder: the importance of early diagnosis Objective: The aim of the present study is to specify the frequency in psychopharmacological medication use in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and determine their age range at diagnosis. Methods: Five hundred and twenty three children with ASD who applied to Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Children Research and Training Hospital between 2010 -2015 were reviewed retrospectively. Data has been obtained from computerized hospital information system. Individuals with the diagnosis of Autism (F84.0), Atypical Autism (F84.1) and Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Other Specified (F84.9) were screened.Results: Psychotropic medication was recommended to 28.5% of the 523 children and adolescents diagnosed with ASD. Antipsychotics were the most common drugs of choice among psychotropic medications. The mean age at diagnosis of patients taking psychotropic medication was significantly higher than that of the patients who were not taking psychotropic medication (t=-3.064; p<0.01). The rate of psychotropic drug usage in female patients was significantly high than male patients (χ²=6.675; p=0.01). Conclusion:The results of the present study suggest that the delay of diagnosis can be included as a factor for psychotropic medication need of patients with ASD. Nearly half of the patients have been diagnosed in the first three years of their life. For further benefits of studies in Turkey, evaluating the psychopharmacological drug prescription rate, age of diagnosis and related factors to determine the present situation of psychotropic medication in our country will be necessary.

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“…Effective treatments for ASD are very limitedno pharmacological treatment currently exists that can cure ASD or ameliorate all of the core symptoms (Levy et al, 2009;Vorstman et al, 2014). However, there is effective medication available to target many of the co-morbid problems associated with ASD such as irritability, aggression, anxiety, and behavioural problems (Hsia et al, 2014;Murray et al, 2014;Politte & McDougle, 2014;Steckler, Spooren, & Murphy, 2014;Vorstman et al, 2014). In fact, it was reported that children and adolescents with ASD are 7 and 12 times more likely, respectively, to be prescribed psychostimulant medication, than healthy controls (Murray et al, 2014).…”

Section: Autismmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of animal models for autism: A gene-environment approach

Ranger¹

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<p>Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a pervasive neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by social, communicative, and behavioural deficits. Despite decades of research in this field, effective pharmacological treatments for ASD are still lacking and better animal models for this disorder are urgently needed. Although it is now well understood that both genetic and environmental influences play a role in the aetiology of ASD, most existing animal models for this disorder only take into account one of these aetiological contributors and have largely ignored investigating an interaction. The main aim of this thesis was to develop a novel animal model for ASD that demonstrated higher construct validity than traditional models by using a gene-environment approach. To this aim, two previously established environmental risk factor-based models for ASD were each combined with a genetic rat model that mimicked a genotype associated with ASD. Specifically, a maternal immune activation model (modelled via prenatal administration of lipopolysaccharide) and a prenatal exposure to valproate model (modelled via prenatal administration of valproate) were both combined with a serotonin transporter (SERT) knockout rat model. Next, experimental rats were investigated in a variety of paradigms designed to detect behavioural, biochemical, and immunological outcomes related to ASD. This thesis tested the hypothesis that rats with a genetically compromised SERT function would be more vulnerable to the impacts of the two environmental risk factors. Collectively, the data from this thesis show that rats with a genetically compromised SERT function are not more vulnerable to the impacts of a maternal immune activation or prenatal exposure to VPA. In fact, at least with regards to prenatal exposure to valproate, rats with a compromised SERT function actually appeared more resilient to ASD-like outcomes.</p>

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Autism spectrum disorders - an emerging area in psychopharmacology

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Autism spectrum disorder in adults: diagnosis, management, and health services development

Autism spectrum disorder in adults: diagnosis, management, and health services development

Factors Affecting Burden of Psychopharmacological Medication in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Importance of Early Diagnosis

The development of animal models for autism: A gene-environment approach

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