“…Metal sulfides (such as SnS 2 , Cu 2 S, Sb 2 S 3 , WS 2 , MoS 2 , Bi 2 S 3 ) are especially known for their ability to control friction and wear. This is due to their lamellar structure, which assists in the formation of a robust friction/transfer layer on the mating surfaces with strong adhesion [19][20][21][22]. The metal sulfides can either be used individually or can be added in a mix in the composition [23].…”
This study compares the effect of the addition of two types of lubricants on the dry sliding behavior of a simplified Cu-free phenolic resin-based composite material. The lubricants were commercial graphite and exfoliated graphitic carbon nitride (codenamed: TEX6). The graphite particles were rounded and of ‘flaky’ character. The TEX6 particles were not only flaky, but also irregular in shape, and ‘fluffy’. Both lubricants were added individually in the basic formulation and subjected to dry sliding tests on pin-on-disc testing equipment in mild conditions and against a grey cast-iron counterface. The tests with TEX6 observed a stable steady state in the friction coefficient (CoF) with lower scatter and lower average friction coefficient and pin wear magnitude when compared to samples containing graphite. Additionally, the worn surfaces of the TEX6-containing samples had extremely smooth, compact, and continuous secondary plateau coverage when compared to the graphite-containing samples. The counterface paired with the TEX6-containing samples observed much lower abrasive action compared to the graphite-containing samples. Through the wear testing and further evaluation of the secondary plateaus, the possible addition of TEX6 as a lubricant in friction material composition was explained, making it a promising component for automotive braking applications.
“…Metal sulfides (such as SnS 2 , Cu 2 S, Sb 2 S 3 , WS 2 , MoS 2 , Bi 2 S 3 ) are especially known for their ability to control friction and wear. This is due to their lamellar structure, which assists in the formation of a robust friction/transfer layer on the mating surfaces with strong adhesion [19][20][21][22]. The metal sulfides can either be used individually or can be added in a mix in the composition [23].…”
This study compares the effect of the addition of two types of lubricants on the dry sliding behavior of a simplified Cu-free phenolic resin-based composite material. The lubricants were commercial graphite and exfoliated graphitic carbon nitride (codenamed: TEX6). The graphite particles were rounded and of ‘flaky’ character. The TEX6 particles were not only flaky, but also irregular in shape, and ‘fluffy’. Both lubricants were added individually in the basic formulation and subjected to dry sliding tests on pin-on-disc testing equipment in mild conditions and against a grey cast-iron counterface. The tests with TEX6 observed a stable steady state in the friction coefficient (CoF) with lower scatter and lower average friction coefficient and pin wear magnitude when compared to samples containing graphite. Additionally, the worn surfaces of the TEX6-containing samples had extremely smooth, compact, and continuous secondary plateau coverage when compared to the graphite-containing samples. The counterface paired with the TEX6-containing samples observed much lower abrasive action compared to the graphite-containing samples. Through the wear testing and further evaluation of the secondary plateaus, the possible addition of TEX6 as a lubricant in friction material composition was explained, making it a promising component for automotive braking applications.
“…The solid lubricants such as Sb2S3, SnS2, FeS2, WS2, MoS2 and graphite influence the abundant needs for secure and safe braking performance [10]. Metal sulfides are used as an individual lubricant and also as a lubricant mix in the formulation of friction material [11][12][13][14]. Among those solid lubricants, graphite (both natural and synthetic) are gradually used in brake lining due to its high anisotropic property, better lubricity at the elevated temperatures [15].…”
Friction composites consist of many materials with various properties. Solid lubricant is one of these materials. The task of the solid lubricant in the compo-site is to protect the counter surfaces against wear and to reduce noise and vibra-tion. Typical solid lubricants used in the friction composite are graphite, antimo-ny trisulfide, molybdenum disulfide, copper sulfide, etc. The selection suitable solid lubricants for better braking performance is an important issue, as solid lubricants may decompose at high temperatures, leading to undesirable results. The particle size of the solid lubricant used is at least as important as itself. In this study, the effect of micro and nanoparticle-sized graphite on friction and wear behavior of friction composites was investigated experimentally. Two brake lining were prepared containing 10 wt.% nanographite and micrographite, were produced by powder metallurgy technique. The brake lining samples have been tested under Friction Assessment and Screening Test (FAST). The frictional and physical properties of the produced samples were determined by appropriate tests. According to the test results obtained, micro and nanoparticle size were compared in many respects and the most ideal size was determined for graphite.
“…It was found that the synergetic result of red mud and iron sulfide-based brake pads showed excellent tribological performance while the iron-sulfide-based brake pads showed more wear resistance. Sathickbasha et al (2021) developed and analyzed the fade-recovery characteristics of brake pads having a possible combination of any two of the solid lubricants from bismuth trisulfide, tin disulfide and antimony trisulfide that was blended with molybdenum disulfide and graphite. The findings showed that the friction stability of the brake pad with 4 Wt.% of MoS 2 , Bi 2 S 3 and SnS 2 was observed to be better.…”
Purpose
This study aims to compare the influence of different solid lubricants on the friction stability of a non-asbestos disc brake pad.
Design/methodology/approach
Three brake pads were developed using three lubricants, namely, non-asbestos brake pad with sulfide mix (NASM), non-asbestos brake pad with bismuth sulfide (NABS) and non-asbestos brake pad with molybdenum disulfide (NAMO). Sulfide mix was indigenously developed by physically mixing friction modifiers, alkaline earth chemicals and various metallic sulfides homogeneously dispersed in graphite medium. The physical, chemical, mechanical and thermal properties of brake pads were characterized as per industrial standards. The tribological performances were studied using the Chase testing machine as SAE-J661-2012. The worn surface of the pads was studied using scanning electron microscope to analyze the dominating wear mechanism.
Findings
NASM was excellent in fade as well as wear resistance. NABS was better from a wear point of view, but fade resistance was moderate despite its higher cost. NAMO fared average in fade and wear despite its excellent dry lubricating properties. NASM was excellent in terms of fade as well as wear resistance.
Originality/value
Among the selected metal sulfides, the indigenously developed sulfide mix was better than the other two sulfides, which indicates that the synergetic effect of metal sulfides was always preferable to the individual sulfides.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.