Authentication of Whey Protein Powders by Portable Mid‐Infrared Spectrometers Combined with Pattern Recognition Analysis

Wang, Ting; Tan, Siow Ying; Mutilangi, William; Aykas, Didem Peren; Rodríguez-Saona, Luis E.

doi:10.1111/1750-3841.13006

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…This could be attributed to better coupling of the optical element within the optical train for the dedicated ATR (portable 4500 series) instrument as compared to the ATR module within the laboratory spectrometer [40]. Further, the larger number of PLS-factors suggests that the laboratory ATR-IR assay may be less robust than the portable ATR-IR counterpart, by virtue of its reliance upon additional factors that are relatively noisy [41]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The portable ATR-IR assay showed higher utility (higher RPD and RER values), and more flexibility for field application [40, 41] than the laboratory grade ATR-IR assays reported in the present study, and that previously reported for bovine serum IgG [24]. Correlation between the RID-based IgG analyses and ATR-IR based assays was better than that previously reported for transmission-IR based IgG assays for alpaca [26] and equine [25] sera, but worse than that achieved for transmission and ATR-IR based bovine IgG assays [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of laboratory and portable attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopic approaches for rapid quantification of alpaca serum immunoglobulin G

et al. 2017

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The objective of this study was to develop and compare the performance of laboratory grade and portable attenuated total reflectance infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopic approaches in combination with partial least squares regression (PLSR) for the rapid quantification of alpaca serum IgG concentration, and the identification of low IgG (<1000 mg/dL), which is consistent with the diagnosis of failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI) in neonates. Serum samples (n = 175) collected from privately owned, healthy alpacas were tested by the reference method of radial immunodiffusion (RID) assay, and laboratory grade and portable ATR-IR spectrometers. Various pre-processing strategies were applied to the ATR-IR spectra that were linked to corresponding RID-IgG concentrations, and then randomly split into two sets: calibration (training) and test sets. PLSR was applied to the calibration set and calibration models were developed, and the test set was used to assess the accuracy of the analytical method. For the test set, the Pearson correlation coefficients between the IgG measured by RID and predicted by both laboratory grade and portable ATR-IR spectrometers was 0.91. The average differences between reference serum IgG concentrations and the two IR-based methods were 120.5 mg/dL and 71 mg/dL for the laboratory and portable ATR-IR-based assays, respectively. Adopting an IgG concentration <1000 mg/dL as the cut-point for FTPI cases, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for identifying serum samples below this cut point by laboratory ATR-IR assay were 86, 100 and 98%, respectively (within the entire data set). Corresponding values for the portable ATR-IR assay were 95, 99 and 99%, respectively. These results suggest that the two different ATR-IR assays performed similarly for rapid qualitative evaluation of alpaca serum IgG and for diagnosis of IgG <1000 mg/dL, the portable ATR-IR spectrometer performed slightly better, and provides more flexibility for potential application in the field.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of laboratory and portable attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopic approaches for rapid quantification of alpaca serum immunoglobulin G

et al. 2017

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“…The strongest peaks and main absorptions regions are within the wavenumber range of 1800 to 900 cm -1 . In the WPC characterization, the main concern is with absorption as result of vibrations in the amide bonds of amino acids and proteins, primarily Amide I (C=O Pure WPC 1 stretching vibration -peak 4, centered at approximately 1632 cm −1 ), Amide II (N-H bending and C-N stretching vibrations -peak 5 at approximately 1531 cm −1 ) and also Amide III (mainly C-N, stretching vibration -peak 8, around 1250 cm -1 ) [8,25]. Peak 3 is associated to vibrational groups of C=O groups of lipids.…”

Section: Wpc Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peak 3 is associated to vibrational groups of C=O groups of lipids. The band at 1450 cm −1 (peak 6), corresponds to the bending of C-H bonds in CH2 groups, while peak 7 (1392 cm −1 ) to the stretching of C=O in carboxylic acid groups [8]. Finally, the vibration in the 1130 to 1000 cm −1 range (region 9) is linked to stretching vibrations of C-OH, C-C and C-O-C present in in carbohydrates, mainly lactose [25,26].…”

Section: Wpc Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These procedures can occur by changing the composition of a food product either by the addition of poor-quality ownproduct material, product-foreign material, or adulteration with other constituents [7]. In WPC, the ingredient authentication would not only limit fraud but also help ensure manufacturers in obtaining the desired functionality in whey products [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mid Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis Evaluation of Adulteration in Whey Protein Powder

Andrade

Pereira

Ranquine

et al. 2020

QUARKS

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Mid infrared (MIR) spectroscopy was combined with multivariate approaches Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression to assess modifications in spectral profile of whey protein concentrate (WPC) powder due to changes in formulation level using caffeine, creatine and lactose, simulating fraud. Adulterations were made by replacing WPC in different levels from 5 to 50% (w/w - 5% steps) with three adulterants in separate. The spectra comparison of the samples allowed the identification of peaks associated to characteristic chemical bonds of each adulterant. PCA was carried out and 89% of the total variability of the spectral data was explained by three principal components, which allowed the confirmation of variables influencing each sample mixture and validating the spectral observations. Above 20% decrease in WPC content (20% adulteration), it was possible to differentiate all the three substances used. Predictions of percentage of WPC substitution were made through PLS regressions. The best prediction models were: lactose > creatine > caffeine. However, predictions resulted in overall good accuracy, low relative errors and coefficients of determination of fitting of calibration and validation curves above 0.97 in all cases. Therefore, techniques employed here aid the quality assessment of food products as alternative analytical tools.

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Investigation of Physicochemical and Textural Properties of Brown Rice by Hot Air Assisted Radio Frequency Drying

Mahmood

Liu

Saleemi

et al. 2023

Food Bioprocess Technol

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Authentication of Whey Protein Powders by Portable Mid‐Infrared Spectrometers Combined with Pattern Recognition Analysis

Abstract: A rapid, simple and accurate method was developed to authenticate commercial whey protein products by using portable mid-infrared spectrometers combined with chemometrics, which could help ensure the functionality of whey protein ingredients in food applications.

Cited by 15 publications

References 37 publications

Application of laboratory and portable attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopic approaches for rapid quantification of alpaca serum immunoglobulin G

Application of laboratory and portable attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopic approaches for rapid quantification of alpaca serum immunoglobulin G

Mid Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis Evaluation of Adulteration in Whey Protein Powder

Investigation of Physicochemical and Textural Properties of Brown Rice by Hot Air Assisted Radio Frequency Drying

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