Austenitic Manganese Steels – Developments for Heavy Haul Rail Transportation

Smith, Richard W.; Mackay, W.B.F.

doi:10.1179/cmq.2003.42.3.333

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…As the surface preparation prior to laser irradiation is same in case of both the The microstructure obtained was similar to that observed in normal Hadfield steels obtained due to solution treatment as reported in various studies [34]- [37]. The presence of high amounts of carbon and manganese in AMRS are principally responsible for stabilization of austenite at room temperature [38] [39]. Grain size measurement in microstructure of the AMRS steel indicated presence of coarse austenitic grains in the range of 160 -400 μm.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 81%

Continuous Wave Diode Laser Surface Texturing of Austenitic and Pearlitic Steels

Shariff¹,

Koppoju²,

Pal³

et al. 2015

MSA

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Microstructuring of steel resulting in directional solidification and texturing, previously observed in various metallic materials during pulsed laser processing, melt-spinning, high-gradient liquid metal melting, zone melting etc., is reported for the first time in continuous wave diode laser processing of steels. Influence of laser interaction time on surface morphology/topology of austenitic manganese and pearlitic steels is investigated utilizing a wide rectangular multi-mode diode laser beam. X-ray diffraction analysis of the laser treated austenitic steel surface showed strong texturing influence, with preferred crystallographic orientation of γ-Fe crystals in the (200) plane, which increased with interaction time. In case of pearlitic steel, no such texturing influence could be observed. The free surface topologies were also observed to be different in each case, with wellaligned domes of γ-Fe observed in laser treated austenitic steel as compared to randomly oriented fine domes of metal oxides in pearlitic one. In situ surface temperature measurement during laser irradiation indicated higher temperature on pearlitic steel than in austenitic manganese steel owing to its lower effective thermal conductivity associated with higher oxide film formation.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 81%

Continuous Wave Diode Laser Surface Texturing of Austenitic and Pearlitic Steels

Shariff¹,

Koppoju²,

Pal³

et al. 2015

MSA

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“…The carbide precipitates have been found to play important roles in the hardness and abrasion resistance, and they also affect microstructure of austenitic manganese steel 37,38 . The presence, amount and dispersion of carbides have been found to significantly influence the wear resistance of austenitic manganese steel and impair its impact strength 8 . According to Allahkaram the precipitation of carbides along the grain boundaries act as a pre-existing crack path along which cracks initiate, propagate and failure eventually occur 39 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the rate of work hardening depends primarily on the amount of carbon in solution in the austenite matrix and the presence of a fine dispersion of carbides. The presence, amount and dispersion of carbides significantly influence the wear resistance of the alloy and, if the carbides form interconnected grain boundary films they seriously impair the impact strength 8 . The embrittling intergranular carbides are formed during solidification because of a slow rate of cooling or precipitation during reheating at a temperature range of 400˚C-800 °C [26] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed Hadfield steel is a remarkable engineering alloy which in fully solutionized form is soft and ductile but when deformed, it work hardens rapidly. Work hardening mechanisms, impact wear, abrasive wear and the alloying of austenitic manganese steel have been investigated by several researchers and results have shown that under repeated impact and abrasive wear it work hardens rapidly and displays remarkable toughness [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] . Several other works on its surface treatment have also proved that surface treatment increases its surface hardness and wear resistance [22][23][24][25] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Workhardening behaviour and microstructural analysis of failed austenitic manganese steel crusher jaws

2013

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This study focussed on the work hardening behaviour and microstructure of austenitic manganese steel relative to premature failure of crusher jaws. Samples of sound and failed crusher jaws were taken, the change with depth from the working surface to the sample core was measured and their microstructures observed. The study revealed a sharp hardness gradient in the failed crusher jaws, and presence of large carbides at both the austenite grain boundaries and in the austenite matrix. The failure of crusher jaws was attributed to brittle fracture as a result of precipitates of carbides from the inability of precipitated carbides to absorb shock during impact working. Finally, we conclude that the failure occurred as a result of inadequate quenching operations during the manufacturing process that resulted in the formation of carbide precipitates which embrittle the austenitic manganese steel, reduce its ability to withstand shock and create a non uniform plastic flow as it is work hardening.

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“…Hadfield austenitic steel (Mn13 steel) has been widely used as a wear-resistant material because austenite shows excellent strain-hardening under high energy impact wear [1][2][3]. However, its abrasion resistance is poor duo to lower strain-hardening under low and medium energy impact wear [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Abrasive Wear Behaviour of Si‐Mn‐Cr‐B Cast Steel as a Function of Carbon Concentration

Kuang

Wang³

2008

steel research international

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The microstructures, mechanical properties and abrasive wear behaviour of five kinds of Si‐Mn‐Cr‐B cast steels were studied. The steels investigated contained X wt.% C with X= 0.15, 0.25, 0.35, 0.45, 0.55, 2.5 wt.% Si, 2.5 wt.% Mn, 0.5 wt.% Cr, 0.004 wt.%B . The results showed that the Ac1temperatures increased and Ac3 and Ms temperatures decreased with increasing carbon concentration. From the continuous cooling transformation (CCT) curves, it was discovered that the incubation period of pearlitic transformation was prolonged and the transformation curves of pearlite and bainite were separated significantly with rising carbon concentration. At lower carbon concentration, the normalized structure of Si‐Mn‐Cr‐B cast steel consisted mainly of granular bainite and M‐A islands. The normalized microstructures of the cast steel changed from granular bainite gradually to needle‐like bainite, upper bainite, and lower bainite with rising carbon concentration. The tensile strength and hardness of Si‐Mn‐Cr‐B cast steel increased and impact and fracture toughness decreased with increasing carbon content. The wear testing results showed that the wear resistance of Si‐Mn‐Cr‐B cast steel improved with higher carbon content but was obviously unchanged beyond the carbon concentration of 0.45%. The best balance of properties of Si‐Mn‐Cr‐B cast steel is obtained at the carbon concentration range of 0.35 ‐ 0.45%C.

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Austenitic Manganese Steels – Developments for Heavy Haul Rail Transportation

Cited by 16 publications

References 9 publications

Continuous Wave Diode Laser Surface Texturing of Austenitic and Pearlitic Steels

Continuous Wave Diode Laser Surface Texturing of Austenitic and Pearlitic Steels

Workhardening behaviour and microstructural analysis of failed austenitic manganese steel crusher jaws

Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Abrasive Wear Behaviour of Si‐Mn‐Cr‐B Cast Steel as a Function of Carbon Concentration

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