Aureomycin: A Product of the Continuing Search for New Antibiotics

Abstract

HE articles herewith presented discuss a new antibiotic from a new T species of the Actinomycetes-these Actinomycetes constituting a group of fungi which might well be called ultra-molds. We are concerned with a species of the established genus Streptomyces, for which the name StreptMnyces aureofm'ens is being proposed. The significance of the specific name will soon be apparent. This is a soil organism which seems to have escaped previous publicity and domestication, as well as having evaded a pigeonhole in the accessions of mycological science.The antibiotic (aureomycin) from this species of .mold will be evaluated, in preliminary measure at least, in relation to the role which, at this stage of the studies in progress, it may promise to play safely in the treatment of disease. Academically, the antibiotic itself and the organism producing it are of very considerable interest, whatever may be the score as affecting human health or animal production. But we measure our interest in it, at the present time, primarily by the qualities which it may display &s a systemic and an effective chemotherapeutic agent. FIQURE IS. Aerial hyphae of Strsptomuces aureofaciens (A-577) a t the time of apore differentiation. FIQUBE 14. Of-plate (OP) values of inhibition zones of S. aureofuciens (A 377-899) against BaciUur FIWJRE 15. Inhibition zones of S. griaeus againat Staph. aureus. PIQUUE 18. OP inhibition of S. aureofaciena againat Myeobacterium tuberculosia (No. 807). FIQUBE 17. No ionen of inhibition produced by Psnin'lliun ckrysogenum (Q 178) against Mycob. tuberculosis (No. 607). FIQUBE 18. Practically OP values of S. aureofociena againat rpccobacillus sp., an asaay species strongly reawtant to streptomycin. PIQIJRS 19. OP inhibition of 8. nureofacienu (A 377-899) againat Eacherickio eoli. FIQURS 40. Essentially no inhibition produced by S. aureofaciens againat P. chryrogenum (Q 176).PIQUBE 41. No zonn of inhibition in the teat of S. aureofaciens (A S77-899) against A8pergiZlur nigsr. PICUBE 4%. Small xonea of inhibition produced by I'. ekr#sogenum (Q 178) againat 5. auieofoeisns F I~U E E 48. Practically OP values of 8. aurdofuciens (A 377-899) against S. griseur (A 1). Ptocar 44. Zones of inhibition produced by S. griaeus against S. aureofnciens (A 377-899).It is to cereu6.(-4 377-899).

Tigecycline Population Pharmacokinetics in Patients with Community- or Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia

“…While ancient peoples did not realize they were consuming tetracycline, they may have been doing so for medicinal purposes. American botanist Benjamin Duggar discovered the first tetracycline, chlortetracycline, in 1945 while studying soil collected around graveyards (8). During the last 60 years, other natural (oxytetracycline, dimethylchlortetracycline, and tetracycline) and semisynthetic (doxycycline, minocycline, and lymecycline) tetracyclines have been developed.…”

Minocycline: A Novel Stroke Therapy

“…It is in the tetracycline family of antibiotics, which were discovered in 1948 by Duggar [18] as a natural product of Streptomyces. Streptomyces are soil-dwelling bacteria that produce tetracycline among other diverse products.…”

Biologically active secondary metabolites from Actinomycetes

“…The first antibiotic isolated from this group was chlortetracycline (aureomycin), produced by S. aureofaciens. Subsequently, tetracycline (MIC=0.12-1µg/ml for S. aureus ATCC ® 29213, MIC=0.5-2 µg/ml for E. coli ATCC ® 25922) and oxytetracycline have been isolated from S. rimosus fermentation broth [19][20][21].…”

“…Novel anthracyclines, tetracenoquinocin (20) and 5-iminoaranciamycin, were isolated from Streptomyces sp. Sp080513GE-26 derived from marine sponge (Figure 12).…”