Augmenting basic colour terms in english

Mylonas, Dimitris; MacDonald, Lindsay W.

doi:10.1002/col.21944

Cited by 48 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(82 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…, showing total number of color stimuli named consistently by each color term across all subjects: the maximum for verde (1006) is followed by azzurro (786), viola (480), and blu (474). This finding is in accord with outcomes in all English‐language studies indicating that volumes of green , blue , and purple categories are largest in color space and notably exceed those of other BCCs …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Italian vinaccia may be considered a loose counterpart of the maroon , but in hue is closer to violet. Coral , too, appears on the list of relatively frequent non‐BCTs in modern American English, but its rank (24) is lower than the rank of corallo among Italian non‐BCTs (16). It also worth noting that our findings for Italian color names do not provide any evidence of another category, between BLUE and GREEN, that is emergent in modern English and lexicalized by teal , turquoise , and aquamarine (American English) or predominantly turquoise (British English) . The absence of this category in Italian is conceivably due to the existence of the azzurro category that includes greenish‐blue (turquoise) colors; also, celeste appears to be counterpart of English aqua/aquamarine (cf.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

“…Further, frequency outcomes of a recent study for American English, using MCN, are invoked . In addition, where possible, monolexemic outcomes are adduced from two English‐language studies that employed UCN method and CRT‐displayed colors, one by Guest and Van Laar and the other an online naming experiment by Mylonas and MacDonald . Finally, the present results obtained using the MCN method are compared with outcomes of our previous study on color naming in Italian using the CCN method …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Color naming in Italian language

Paggetti

Menegaz

Paramei

2015

Color Research & Application

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present study investigated Italian basic color terms (BCTs). It is an extension of our previous work that explored Italian basic color categories (BCCs) using a constrained colornaming method, with 11 Italian BCTs allowed, including blu for naming the BLUE area. Since a latter outcome indicated a categorization bias, here monolexemic color-naming method was employed, enabling also use of azzurro, deeply entrenched Italian term that designates light blue. In Experiment 1, colors (N=367), sampling the Munsell Mercator projection, were presented on a CRT; color names and reaction times of vocalization onset were recorded. Naming consistency and consensus were estimated. Consistency was obtained for 12 CTs, including the two blue terms; consensus was found for 11 CTs, excluding rosso 'red'. For each consensus category, color with the shortest RT was considered focal. In Experiment 2, consensus stimuli (N=72) were presented; on each trial, observers indicated the focal color ("best example") in an array of colors comprising a consensus category. For each of the 12 Italian CCs, centroid was calculated and focal color (two measures) estimated. Compared to English color terms, two outcomes are specific to Italian color naming: (i) naming of the RED-PURPLE area is highly refined, with consistent use of emergent non-BCTs; (ii) azzurro and blu both perform as BCTs dividing the BLUE area along the lightness dimension. The findings are considered in the framework of the weak relativity hypothesis. Historico-linguistic, environmental and pragmatic communication factors are discussed that conceivably have driven the extension of the BCT inventory in Italian.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Color naming in Italian language

Paggetti

Menegaz

Paramei

2015

Color Research & Application

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recent attention has turned beyond the inner circle of BCTs, to terms in common but not universal use (which might potentially become basic if the need for colour communication within a culture places enough emphasis on specificity) (Mylonas & MacDonald 2016;Lindsey & Brown 2014;Jraissati et al 2012). Turquoise and German türkis have been mentioned as a possible incipient BCT (Zollinger 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Listing Data to Semantic Maps: Cross-Linguistic Commonalities in Cognitive Representation of Colour

Uusküla¹,

Bimler²

2016

FEJF

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

When a free-listing task is used to elicit verbal concepts from a given semantic domain, it provides two indicators of the salience of each word for that linguistic community. These are the proportion of the subjects who include a word in their lists, and its average ranking priority position across the lists. The data also contain cues about the cognitive representation of the semantic domain, and in particular about the conceptual closeness among words. Closely associated words tend to prime each other and to appear in the lists in close succession. Clusters of mutually associated terms can be recognised, listed in one another's company, although with different priority for different subjects. We applied this approach to the domain of colour terms, converting lists for fourteen European languages into matrices of inter-term similarity, for analysis with multidimensional scaling (MDS) and hierarchical clustering. Two-dimensional MDS solutions or 'maps' were typically required to reflect two competing criteria by which terms were sequenced. Speakers of each language tended to follow a salience gradient, but also made separate clusters of fully-chromatic concepts -colour terms in strictu sensu -and unsaturated or desaturated concepts defined primarily by lightness rather than by hue. This and other features recurred across the languages despite their geographical and phylogenetic diversity, as cross-cultural universals in colour language, in addition to the well-known regularities governing basic colour terms and the stages of colour-lexicon development.

show abstract

“…). Also recently, augmentation of the color inventory was demonstrated for modern British English, with turquoise and lilac considered as emerging BCTs …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An online color naming experiment in Russian using Munsell color samples

2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Russian color naming was explored in a web-based experiment. The purpose was 3-fold: to examine (1) CIELAB coordinates of centroids for 12 Russian basic color terms (BCTs), including 2 Russian terms for "blue", sinij "dark blue", and goluboj "light blue", and compare these with coordinates for the 11 English BCTs obtained in earlier studies; (2) frequent nonBCTs; and (3) gender differences in color naming. Native Russian speakers participated in the experiment using an unconstrained colornaming method. Each participant named 20 colors, selected from 600 colors densely sampling the Munsell Color Solid. Color names and response times of typing onset were registered. Several deviations between centroids of the Russian and English BCTs were found. The 2 "Russian blues", as expected, divided the BLUE area along the lightness dimension; their centroids deviated from a centroid of English blue. Further minor departures were found between centroids of Russian and English counterparts of "brown" and "red". The Russian color inventory confirmed the linguistic refinement of the PURPLE area, with high frequencies of nonBCTs. In addition, Russian speakers revealed elaborated naming strategies and use of a rich inventory of nonBCTs. Elicitation frequencies of the 12 BCTs were comparable for both genders; however, linguistic segmentation of color space, employing a synthetic observer, revealed gender differences in naming colors, with more refined naming of the "warm" colors from females. We conclude that, along with universal perceptual factors, that govern categorical partition of color space, Russian speakers' color naming reflects language-specific factors, supporting the weak relativity hypothesis. K E Y W O R D Scentroids, CIELAB, color naming, color space, gender differences, linguistic segmentation, Russian, webbased experiment | I NT ROD UCTI ONAccording to its color, a visual stimulus is assigned to a certain color category. Identified by a linguistic label (in adult humans), language-specific concepts enable attention to be drawn to certain perceptual attributes of reality. Color names, like other groups of semantically related words, are systems in which one word's position influences the positions of all others.

show abstract

Augmenting basic colour terms in english

Cited by 48 publications

References 52 publications

Color naming in Italian language

Color naming in Italian language

From Listing Data to Semantic Maps: Cross-Linguistic Commonalities in Cognitive Representation of Colour

An online color naming experiment in Russian using Munsell color samples

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About