Augmentation of the Delamination Factor in Drilling of Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Composites (CFRP)

Sobri, Sharizal Ahmad; Whitehead, David; Mohamed, Maizan; Mohamed, Julie Juliewatty; Amini, Mohd Hazim Mohamad; Hermawan, Andi; Rasat, Mohd Sukhairi Mat; Sofi, Azfi Zaidi Mohammad; Ismail, Wan Ishak Wan; Norizan, Mohd Natashah

doi:10.3390/polym12112461

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Mechanical properties of neat epoxy were improved significantly by embedding synthetic Kevlar fiber. Nevertheless, the weak chemical interaction between the organic matrix and synthetic fiber can lead to composite delamination [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Delamination process is initiated at the boundary of structural elements.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis of Reinforced Epoxy Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes Composites for Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Blade

et al. 2021

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Synthetic materials using epoxy resin and woven Kevlar fiber nanocomposites were fabricated in the presence of functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (F-MWCNTs). Kevlar-reinforced epoxy nanocomposites were designed to manufacture a small blade of vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT). It is important to estimate the deflection of the versatile composite turbine blades to forestall the blades from breakage. This paper investigates the effect of F-MWCNTs on mechanics and deflection of reinforced epoxy composites. The outcomes show that the mixing of F-MWCNTs with epoxy resin using a sonication process has a significant influence on the mechanical properties. Substantial improvement on the deflections was determined based on finite element analysis (FEA). The vortices from the vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) blades have a negative impact on power efficiency, since small blades are shown to be effective in reducing tip vortexes within the aerospace field. To support the theoretical movement of the VAWT blade, modeling calculations and analyzes were performed with the ANSYS code package to achieve insight into the sustainability of epoxy nanocomposites for turbine blade applications below aerodynamic, gravitational, and centrifugal loads. The results showed that the addition of F-MWCNTs to epoxy and Kevlar has a significant effect on the bias estimated by finite element analysis. ANSYS analysis results showed lower deflection on the blade using epoxy with an additional of 0.50 wt.% of MWCNTs-COOH at tip speed ratios of 2.1, 2.6, and 3.1.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis of Reinforced Epoxy Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes Composites for Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Blade

et al. 2021

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“…This method is commonly used by a majority of researchers [5,24]. The quantification method for all hole-drilled surfaces was obtained by adopting the extension of the adjusted delamination factor (S FDSR ) [25], and similar procedures for characterizing the damages were applied based on this reference. The extension of the adjusted delamination factor (S FDSR ) method is able to measure the damage occurs inside the hole or at the cross-section area of the cylindrical hole, as shown in Equation (1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequential Laser–Mechanical Drilling of Thick Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites (CFRP) for Industrial Applications

2021

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Carbon fibre reinforced polymer composites (CFRPs) can be costly to manufacture, but they are typically used anywhere a high strength-to-weight ratio and a high steadiness (rigidity) are needed in many industrial applications, particularly in aerospace. Drilling composites with a laser tends to be a feasible method since one of the composite phases is often in the form of a polymer, and polymers in general have a very high absorption coefficient for infrared radiation. The feasibility of sequential laser–mechanical drilling for a thick CFRP is discussed in this article. A 1 kW fibre laser was chosen as a pre-drilling instrument (or initial stage), and mechanical drilling was the final step. The sequential drilling method dropped the overall thrust and torque by an average of 61%, which greatly increased the productivity and reduced the mechanical stress on the cutting tool while also increasing the lifespan of the bit. The sequential drilling (i.e., laser 8 mm and mechanical 8 mm) for both drill bits (i.e., 2- and 3-flute uncoated tungsten carbide) and the laser pre-drilling techniques has demonstrated the highest delamination factor (SFDSR) ratios. A new laser–mechanical sequence drilling technique is thus established, assessed, and tested when thick CFRP composites are drilled.

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“…The above-mentioned studies reflect the potential of FEA-based methods in predicting the properties of 3D-printed FRPs; however, the geometries investigated were simple, and fiber orientation was investigated only at a limited number of angles, reflecting the need for more extensive studies to establish the feasibility of FEA-based simulations in predicting the mechanical properties. Furthermore, high-quality holes are needed for several applications, such as for rivets and fastening components; however, the drilling process can adversely affect the mechanical characteristics of the object [ 22 ]. It is, therefore, critical to investigate the mechanical performance of 3D-printed objects with holes; however, such aspects have received little attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Failure Prediction in 3D Printed Kevlar/Glass Fiber-Reinforced Nylon Structures with a Hole and Different Fiber Orientations

Albadrani

2022

Polymers

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This study examined the mechanical performance of 3D-printed, fiber-reinforced composites with a rectangular shape and a hole at one end. Nyon-6 was selected as a polymer matrix, and glass or Kevlar fibers were selected as continuous fibers due to their wide range of applications. Nylon is an engineering thermoplastic; reinforcing it with fibers, such as glass fiber or Kevlar, can significantly improve its mechanical properties. An analytical model was constructed based on the volume average stiffness approach to predict the mechanical properties of 3D-printed specimens. A numerical model was built to predict failure modes and damage in 3D-printed specimens with different fiber orientations. The stress–strain relationship was linear in all composites. For Kevlar-based composites, the maximum stress was 1.7 MPa, 3.62 MPa, 2.2 MPa, 1.0 MPa, and 1.4 MPa for the orientation angles of 0°, 22.5°, 45°, 67.5°, and 90°, respectively. Overall, Kevlar-based composites exhibited mechanical properties superior to those of glass-based composites. The effect of the fiber orientation was also different between the two systems. The simulation results predicted that the failure propagation begins in the areas close to the hole. Notably, the level of agreement between the simulated and experimental results varied depending on the fiber type and orientation, reflecting the complex interplay between multiple fibers, matrix interactions, and stress transfer.

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Augmentation of the Delamination Factor in Drilling of Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Composites (CFRP)

Cited by 17 publications

References 19 publications

Performance Analysis of Reinforced Epoxy Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes Composites for Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Blade

Performance Analysis of Reinforced Epoxy Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes Composites for Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Blade

Sequential Laser–Mechanical Drilling of Thick Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites (CFRP) for Industrial Applications

Failure Prediction in 3D Printed Kevlar/Glass Fiber-Reinforced Nylon Structures with a Hole and Different Fiber Orientations

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