Aufbereitung von Elektroaltgeräten nach dem neuesten Stand der Technik

Höggerl, Günther

doi:10.1007/s00501-015-0383-0

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Size reduction of WEEE is normally carried out using mechanical comminution technologies that focus on the reduction of both the mean particle size and the particle size distribution. In state-of-the-art mechanical processing plants, either shredders or crushers without shear or cutting tools ( Höggerl, 2015 ), including those that use rotor chain crushing mechanisms ( Linnenkoper and Reintjes, 2017 ), are used in initial WEEE disassembly operations to facilitate the safe removal of hazardous materials ( Salhofer et al, 2016 ). The second step in the comminution process is usually designed to liberate recyclable material fractions from the WEEE and to adjust the particle size distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process development options for electronic waste fractionation to achieve maximum material value recovery

2021

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Revised legislation and bans on imports of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) into many Asian countries for treatment are driving the need for more efficient WEEE fractionation in Europe by expanding the capacity of treatment plants and improving the percentage recovery of materials of economic value. Data from a key stakeholder survey and consultation are combined with the results of a detailed literature survey to provide weighted matrix input into multi-criteria decision analysis calculations to carry out the following tasks: (a) assess the relative importance of 12 process options against the 6 industry-derived in-process economic potential criteria, that is, increase in product quality, increase in recycling rate, increase in process capacity, decrease in labour costs, decrease in energy costs and decrease in disposal costs; and (b) rank 25 key technologies that have been selected as being the most likely to benefit the efficient sorting of WEEE. The results indicate that the first stage in the development of any total system to achieve maximum economic recovery of materials from WEEE has to be the selection and application of appropriate fractionation process technologies to concentrate valuable components such as critical metals into the smallest possible fractions to achieve their recovery while minimising the disposal costs of low-value products. The stakeholder-based study has determined the priority for viable technical process developments for efficient WEEE fractionation and highlighted the economic and technical improvements that have to be made in the treatment of WEEE.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process development options for electronic waste fractionation to achieve maximum material value recovery

2021

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“…Die tatsächliche Rückgewinnungsrate für Kunststoffe ist bekannt und beträgt 47 %. Details zu den Trennschritten und Beschreibungen der Outputströme und Rückgewinnungsraten sind in Unger et al (2017) und Höggerl (2015) nachzulesen.…”

Section: Materialkaskadeunclassified

Elektrokleingeräte – Von der Sammlung zur Sekundärressource

Unger

Beigl

Salhofer

2017

Österr Wasser- und Abfallw

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ZusammenfassungElektroaltgeräte stellen mit einem jährlichen Zuwachs von 3 bis 5 % einen der am schnellsten wachsenden Abfallströme in Europa dar. Small waste electrical and electronic equipment -from collection to secondary resourceAbstract Waste electrical and electronic equipment is one of the fastest growing waste streams in Europe with an annual increase of 3-5%. Goals and visions of the European Union aim at the prevention of electrical and electronic waste, sustainable resource management and a restriction of hazardous materials. The research presented in this paper, funded by the FFG, evaluates the material flows of small waste and electronic equipment along the full end-of-life process chain and associated material losses, from collection of the devices to recovered secondary resources. Key parts of the research were a review of novel approaches of collection schemes for small devices from households, and the application of a newly developed stochastic model to estimate the material composition of outputs from a pre-treatment facility based on the facility input (collected devices). In close cooperation with the operator of an Austrian pre-treatment facility batch trials were run and primary data collected. Results for the expected output from the facility generated by the stochastic tool were then compared to the actual composition.The end-of-life process chain indicates that -when taking into account the Austrian collection rates and stateof-the-art material recycling technology -28-31% of the material from small devices put on the market are recovered. In other words, 69-72% of the materials are lost. The highest losses (and thus the highest improvement potential) occur due to uncollected devices (41% losses) and in material recycling (30-36% losses). The review of collection schemes indicates that retail takeback systems and the collection in public spaces are promising approaches to contribute to a higher collection rate. The estimation of the output composition using the stochastic model provides a satisfactory accuracy for printed circuit boards, ferrous metals and plastics.

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Rückgewinnung von Wertstoffen aus Elektrokleingeräten

Beigl

Salhofer

2021

Österr Wasser- und Abfallw

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ZusammenfassungDas von der Europäischen Union 2017 beschlossene Kreislaufwirtschaftspaket sieht mehrere Strategien zur besseren Nutzung von Ressourcen vor. Neben der nachhaltigen Produktgestaltung und Maßnahmen zur Verringerung des Abfallaufkommens ist eine Intensivierung der Verwertung und die Schließung von Stoffkreisläufen ein wesentlicher Ansatz. Die Erhöhung der Recyclingziele wird insbesondere in ressourcenintensiven Branchen angestrebt, neben Kunststoffen, Textilien und dem Bauwesen spielt hier die Elektronikbranche eine wichtige Rolle. Bei der Verwertung von Elektroaltgeräten stellt die Sammelkategorie der Elektrokleingeräte eine besondere Herausforderung dar, diese Sammelkategorie ist heterogen, die einzelnen Gerätearten unterscheiden sich deutlich in ihrem Aufbau und ihrem Gehalt an Wertstoffen. Zusätzlich wird diese Gerätekategorie an Bedeutung gewinnen, da es einer der am schnellsten wachsenden Abfallströme in der EU ist. Die Verwertung besteht typischerweise aus Vorbehandlung (Demontage und Schadstoffentfrachtung, Zerkleinerung und Trennen von Materialströmen), Rückgewinnung von Sekundärressourcen in Form von Materialien (Eisen und Stahl, Nichteisenmetalle wie Aluminium und Kupfer) und Energie sowie der Entsorgung nicht verwertbarer Materialien. Die Optimierung von Verfahren zur Aufbereitung erfordert umfassendere Datengrundlagen zur Charakterisierung dieses heterogenen Abfallstroms. Der Beitrag stellt eine Methode vor, wie die Materialzusammensetzung von Elektrokleingeräten nach Gerätegruppen genauer abgebildet werden kann und wie diese Daten zur Optimierung der Vorbehandlung genutzt werden können.

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Aufbereitung von Elektroaltgeräten nach dem neuesten Stand der Technik

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Process development options for electronic waste fractionation to achieve maximum material value recovery

Process development options for electronic waste fractionation to achieve maximum material value recovery

Elektrokleingeräte – Von der Sammlung zur Sekundärressource

Rückgewinnung von Wertstoffen aus Elektrokleingeräten

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