Auditory exostoses among the prepottery neolithic inhabitants of Çayönü and Aşıklı, Anatolia; its relation to aquatic activities

Özbek, Metin

doi:10.1016/j.ijpp.2012.10.004

Cited by 7 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Crowe et al, 2010;Cooper et al, 2010;Hurst et al, 2004;Ito and Ikeda, 1998;Özbek, 2012;Standen et al, 1997;Velasco-Vazquez et al, 2000;Villotte et al, 2014). The rate of interobserver error for qualitative methods can be quite high, however (5 to 15% according to Gregg and McGrew, 1970;Villotte et al, 2014, but see Crowe et al, 2010, likely due to lack of clear definition of the transition between grades.…”

Section: Recording Eaesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dutour and Onrubia-Pintado, 1991;Okumura et al, 2007;Velasco-Vazquez et al, 2000;Villotte et al, 2014), suggesting that both sexes were engaged in aquatic activities in these groups, while in other studies a significant difference is shown, usually with males having higher frequencies (e.g. Kennedy, 1986;Özbek, 2012;Standen et al, 1997). Some authors have also attempted to track differences between groups according to the type of economy.…”

Section: Potential Of Eae Linked To Aquatic Resource Exploitation By mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biological anthropological studies, and the "thermal aquatic hypothesis" EAE has been extensively studied in past populations (e.g. for recent studies: Agelerakis and Serpanos, 2002;Ascenzi and Balistreri, 1975;Crowe et al, 2010;Dutour and Onrubia-Pintado, 1991;Frayer, 1988;Kennedy, 1986;Manzi et al, 1991;Okumura et al, 2007;Özbek, 2012;Ponce et al, 2008;Standen et al, 1997;Villotte et al, 2014). In biological anthropology, EAEs have for a long time been considered a non-metric trait (Berry and Berry, 1967), and their origin has been discussed previously (for review, see Kennedy, 1986).…”

Section: Presentation and Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Özbek, 2012;Standen et al, 1997;Velasco-Vazquez et al, 2000). Although this marker indicates frequent contact with cold water, it reveals nothing in itself about the particular activity practiced: fishing, diving, and also bathing, for instance.…”

Section: Interpreting Frequenciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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External auditory exostoses and prehistoric aquatic resource procurement

Villotte

Knüsel

2016

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports

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External auditory exostoses (EAEs) are osseous exostoses that form in the external auditory canal as a result of an irritation of the periosteum. Many conditions can be responsible for this irritation, but contact with cold water is the principal cause. This article is a brief review of clinical and anthropological studies that permit consideration of EAEs as faithful markers of water-related activities in past populations and discusses the potential as well as the limits of EAEs to provide insights into aquatic resource exploitation by prehistoric humans.

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Section: Recording Eaesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Potential Of Eae Linked To Aquatic Resource Exploitation By mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Presentation and Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interpreting Frequenciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

External auditory exostoses and prehistoric aquatic resource procurement

Villotte

Knüsel

2016

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports

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“…AEs are generally bilateral and continuously growing bone formations. Although some previous studies considered AE to be a genetic anomaly or epigenetic variation (Berry & Berry, ), others have evaluated it as a pathological formation (Ascenzi & Balistreri, ; Frayer, ; Harrison, ; Hirose, Shikino, & Ikusaka, ; Manzi, Aperduti, & Passarello, ; Okumura, Boyadjian, & Eggers, ; Özbek, ; Velasco‐Vazquez, Betancor‐Rodriguez, Arnay‐de‐la‐Rosa, & Gonzalez‐Reimers, ). Proposed aetiologies include otitis, chronic infections, eczema, mechanical or chemical traumas, thermic shock, and any other pathological state affecting the normal homoeostasis of the external auditory canal (DiBartolomeo, ; Hutchinson et al, ; Kennedy, ; Mazza, ; Okuyama, Baba, Ojiri, & Nakajima, ; Sheehy, ; Timofeev, Notkina, & Smith, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory exostosis: Exploring the daily life at an early sedentary population (Körtik Tepe, Turkey)

Koruyucu

Şahin

Delibaş

et al. 2018

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Auditory exostosis (AE) is a bony anomaly located on the tympanic portion of the temporal bone. Cold water, wind chill, and the effects of temperature are considered to be contributors to the development of AE. It is frequently encountered among surfers, lifeguards, whitewater kayakers, swimmers, and divers. Accordingly, there is a strong relationship between prolonged exposure to cold water and the frequency and grade of AE. For this reason, AE can be accepted as an occupational anomaly.In this study, AE from Körtik Tepe, Turkey, were analysed to understand the lifestyle of early hunter gatherer populations from Anatolia. One hundred twenty-eight individuals and 174 temporal bones from Körtik Tepe were examined for the frequency and severity (graded) of AE. Forty-five individuals (35.2%) have exostosis of various sizes. Half of 40 male individuals and 42.5% of females (n: 40) have AE with no statistically significant difference between the sexes. First observed in individuals 7 years of age, severity and frequency of AE increase with age. Besides increasing in frequency, the increase in size of AE suggest a continuous and prolonged exposure to cold water.The people of Körtik Tepe, which is surrounded by numerous freshwater sources, must have been subjected to cold water through activities such as bathing, cleaning, swimming, and playing in the water, as well as fishing. Our results suggest that the lifestyle of early sedentary people in Körtik Tepe was rather egalitarian with little or no gender differences and was closely connected to aquatic sources.Bioarchaeological data suggest that Körtik Tepe can be accepted as a community of hunter-gatherer-fishermen.

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External Auditory Exostoses and its Relationship to Prehistoric Abalone Harvesting on Santa Rosa Island, California

Kuzminsky

Erlandson

Xifara

2016

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Bioarchaeological research among prehistoric Pacific Coast populations has shown that external auditory exostoses (EAE) are found in high frequencies. On California's northern Channel Islands archaeological research has demonstrated that there was an intense exploitation of red abalone (Haliotis rufescens), particularly between ~8000 and 3500 years ago. If the Island Chumash were free‐diving for red abalone in subtidal waters, EAE should be prevalent in prehistoric populations from Santa Rosa Island. We recorded the presence or absence, number, side and severity of EAE growths for 207 adult individuals from three time periods on Santa Rosa Island. Our results show that ~11% of the total population was affected, including 22.5% of males and ~3.4% of females. The incidence among females increases from 0% in the Early period, to 2.6% in the Middle period, and 6.8% in the Late period. Overall these are lower rates than those reported for other Channel Island and Pacific Coast sites. Given the relatively low percentage of Santa Rosa Islanders affected with EAE, red abalones may have been harvested primarily in shallow waters rather than the deeper subtidal zone. Our data suggest that gender differences in food procurement activities existed on Santa Rosa Island throughout prehistory, congruent with the argument that EAE is an activity‐induced pathology that occurs with prolonged exposure to cold water and wind conditions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Auditory exostoses among the prepottery neolithic inhabitants of Çayönü and Aşıklı, Anatolia; its relation to aquatic activities

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

External auditory exostoses and prehistoric aquatic resource procurement

External auditory exostoses and prehistoric aquatic resource procurement

Auditory exostosis: Exploring the daily life at an early sedentary population (Körtik Tepe, Turkey)

External Auditory Exostoses and its Relationship to Prehistoric Abalone Harvesting on Santa Rosa Island, California

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