Auditory and Visual Flicker-Fusion as Measures of Fatigue

Davis, S. W.

doi:10.2307/1418795

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…As we can see, there is no complete overlap between the resulting size ranges of the users. This means that the effectiveness of the flicker observer effect also depends on the user -and potentially even the personal conditions of the user, as suggested in previous CFF-research [Dav55,SNHW05].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…The frequency at which the signal is perceived as continuous is called "critical fusion frequency" (CFF) [Dav12] or "flicker fusion threshold". The CFF is not stable, but rather depends on numerous factors, such as fatigue [Dav55] and training [SNHW05] of the observer, amplitude and luminance of the flickering target [Dav12], and its size (Granit-Harper Law) [RR88]. Upon reaching the CFF, the brightness of the flickering (yet steadily perceived) target is the mean of the brightness of one flicker cycle (Talbot-Plateau Law) [Tal34], but not necessarily at even higher frequencies.…”

Section: Physiological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flicker Observer Effect: Guiding Attention Through High Frequency Flicker in Images

Waldin

Waldner

Viola

2017

Computer Graphics Forum

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Drawing the user's gaze to an important item in an image or a graphical user interface is a common challenge. Usually, some form of highlighting is used, such as a clearly distinct color or a border around the item. Flicker can also be very salient, but is often perceived as annoying. In this paper, we explore high frequency flicker (60 to 72 Hz) to guide the user's attention in an image. At such high frequencies, the critical flicker frequency (CFF) threshold is reached, which makes the flicker appear to fuse into a stable signal. However, the CFF is not uniform across the visual field, but is higher in the peripheral vision at normal lighting conditions. Through experiments, we show that high frequency flicker can be easily detected by observers in the peripheral vision, but the signal is hardly visible in the foveal vision when users directly look at the flickering patch. We demonstrate that this property can be used to draw the user's attention to important image regions using a standard high refresh-rate computer monitor with minimal visible modifications to the image. In an uncalibrated visual search task, users could in a crowded image easily spot the specified search targets flickering with very high frequency. They also reported that high frequency flicker was distracting when they had to attend to another region, while it was hardly noticeable when looking at the flickering region itself.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Physiological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flicker Observer Effect: Guiding Attention Through High Frequency Flicker in Images

Waldin

Waldner

Viola

2017

Computer Graphics Forum

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“…Their stress levels were measured at the beginning and the end of each condition by using flicker fusion frequency (FFF), the flicker-perception threshold at which an intermittent light stimulus appears to be completely steady to an observer. Davis [8] reported that physiological factors such as fatigue may decrease FFF.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Preliminary Studies on the Effects of Multisensory Stimulation on Working Capacity and Stress Reduction

Sakamoto

Yamasaki

Kishine

et al. 2019

ISASE

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This paper reports the results of two separate experiments on the effects of multisensory stimulation on working capacity and stress reduction. The first experiment, employing auditory stimulation and lighting stimulation, revealed that multisensory stimulation, a combination of green light, and the sound of a murmuring stream, had a greater stress-reduction effect than single-sensory stimulation. The second experiment, which employed smell and lighting stimulation, revealed that a peppermint scent reinforced working capacity during arithmetic calculation. Green light combined with a peppermint scent also supported working capacity. Such multisensory interaction cannot be accounted for as merely the cumulative effect of a combination of single-sensory stimuli.

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“…But, cortical synaptic connections alone may not be able to maintain circuit firing at gamma frequencies (~30-90 Hz), so that intrinsic membrane properties appear essential to the maintenance of gamma band activity. For example, considering the primary visual pathway, which manifests high synaptic security, flicker fusion of visual inputs is evidence that cortical circuits cannot "follow" individual visual stimuli presented at rates above 35 Hz [28]. Primary auditory cortex evoked responses can follow stimuli presented up to about 20 Hz [29].…”

Section: Cortical Synaptic Limitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Critical Role of Intrinsic Membrane Oscillations

Lee¹,

Urbano²,

García‐Rill³

2018

Neurosignals

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Intrinsic, rhythmic subthreshold oscillations have been described in neurons of regions throughout the brain and have been found to influence the timing of action potentials induced by synaptic inputs. Some oscillations are sodium channel-dependent while others are calcium channel-dependent. These oscillations allow neurons to fire coherently at preferred frequencies and represent the main mechanism for maintaining high frequency network activity, especially in the cortex. Because cortical circuits are incapable of maintaining high frequency activity in the gamma range for prolonged periods, those processes dependent on continuous gamma band activity are subserved by subthreshold oscillations. As such, intrinsic oscillations, coupled with synaptic circuits, are essential to prolonged maintenance of such functions as sensory perception and “binding”, problem solving, memory, waking, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.

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Auditory and Visual Flicker-Fusion as Measures of Fatigue

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Flicker Observer Effect: Guiding Attention Through High Frequency Flicker in Images

Flicker Observer Effect: Guiding Attention Through High Frequency Flicker in Images

Two Preliminary Studies on the Effects of Multisensory Stimulation on Working Capacity and Stress Reduction

The Critical Role of Intrinsic Membrane Oscillations

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