“…Overall, our results favor the traditional model of cortical multisensory processing, with separate cortical domains for each modality, and multisensory neurons being restricted to intermediate zones between these domains (e.g., Avillac, Ben Hamed, & Duhamel, ; Foxworthy, Clemo, & Meredith, ). Most of the physiological evidence for auditory influences on spiking activity in visual cortex have come from studies in mice (Iurilli et al., ; Meijer et al., ; Olcese et al., ), which have direction connections between the primary visual and primary auditory cortex (Meredith & Lomber, ), reflecting a general scaling rule whereby smaller brains tend to show more direct connectivity across cortical systems (HorvĂĄt et al., ; Rosa et al., ). Direct anatomical connections between the visual and auditory cortex in primates have been reported (Cappe & Barone, ; Falchier, Clavagnier, Barone, & Kennedy, ; Palmer & Rosa, , ; Rockland & Ojima, ), but to our knowledge, there is only one study that showed that auditory stimuli can modulate the spiking activity in the visual cortex of primates (Wang et al., ), producing a modest decrease in response latency in awake animals.…”