Sound induces change in orientation preference of V1 neurons: Audio-visual cross-influence

Chanauria, Nayan; Bharmauria, Vishal; Bachatene, Lyes; Cattan, Sarah; Rouat, Jean; Molotchnikoff, Stéphane

doi:10.1101/269589

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“… Watkins et al (2006 , 2007) studied the sound-induced flash illusion and find increased activation in V1 when one visual flash and two auditory beeps are experienced as two visual flashes. Studies also demonstrate that sound can modulate the orientation preference of neurons in layers 2/3 ( Ibrahim et al 2016 ; Chanauria et al 2019 ; McClure and Polack 2019 ) and 5/6 ( Chanauria et al 2019 ) of V1, but not layer 4 ( Ibrahim et al 2016 ; Chanauria et al 2019) , emphasizing that we should not think of V1 as a single map, but instead consider the functional role of each layer (a point developed below).…”

Section: V1 As a Spatial Mapmentioning

confidence: 99%

V1 as an egocentric cognitive map

Linton

2021

Neuroscience of Consciousness

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We typically distinguish between V1 as an egocentric perceptual map and the hippocampus as an allocentric cognitive map. In this article, we argue that V1 also functions as a post-perceptual egocentric cognitive map. We argue that three well-documented functions of V1, namely (i) the estimation of distance, (ii) the estimation of size, and (iii) multisensory integration, are better understood as post-perceptual cognitive inferences. This argument has two important implications. First, we argue that V1 must function as the neural correlates of the visual perception/cognition distinction and suggest how this can be accommodated by V1’s laminar structure. Second, we use this insight to propose a low-level account of visual consciousness in contrast to mid-level accounts (recurrent processing theory; integrated information theory) and higher-level accounts (higher-order thought; global workspace theory). Detection thresholds have been traditionally used to rule out such an approach, but we explain why it is a mistake to equate visibility (and therefore the presence/absence of visual experience) with detection thresholds.

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Section: V1 As a Spatial Mapmentioning

confidence: 99%

V1 as an egocentric cognitive map

Linton

2021

Neuroscience of Consciousness

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“…In the primary visual cortex, responses to local orientation depend on the surrounding context (Hubel and Wiesel, 1968;Bolz and Gilbert, 1986). Tuning properties of visual cortical neurons (not just the gain) depend on cognitive context, including the task the animal is doing (Gilbert and Li, 2013), locomotion (Pakan et al, 2018) and prior presentation of sounds (Chanauria et al, 2018). Thus, current evidence indicates that the activity of neurons is sensitive to stimulus properties (the technical sense of coding) but cannot be considered as context-free symbols that stand for the corresponding properties (the representational sense of coding).…”

Section: Encoding Visual Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

Is coding a relevant metaphor for the brain?

Brette

2017

Preprint

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Abstract"Neural coding" is a popular metaphor in neuroscience, where objective properties of the world are communicated to the brain in the form of spikes. Here I argue that this metaphor is often inappropriate and misleading. First, when neurons are said to encode experimental parameters, the implied communication channel consists of both the experimental and biological system. Thus, the terms "neural code" are used inappropriately when "neuroexperimental code" would be more accurate, although less insightful. Second, the brain cannot be presumed to decode neural messages into objective properties of the world, since it never gets to observe those properties. To avoid dualism, codes must relate not to external properties but to internal sensorimotor models. Because this requires structured representations, neural assemblies cannot be the basis of such codes. Third, a message is informative to the extent that the reader understands its language. But the neural code is private to the encoder since only the message is communicated: each neuron speaks its own language. It follows that in the neural coding metaphor, the brain is a Tower of Babel. Finally, the relation between input signals and actions is circular; that inputs do not preexist to outputs makes the coding paradigm problematic. I conclude that the view that spikes are messages is generally not tenable. An alternative proposition is that action potentials are actions on other neurons and the environment, and neurons interact with each other rather than exchange messages.

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“…Local GABAergic inhibition of V1 neurons have been linked to auditory stimulations in mice (Iurilli et al, 2012). In the cat, a shift of the preferred orientation tuning curves of striate cortex neurons was associated to prolonged exposition to noise-like auditory stimuli (Chanauria et al, 2019). Auditory-driven modulation of the ongoing oscillatory activity in striate cortex has been observed in humans (Mercier et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory features modelling reveals sound envelope representation in striate cortex

Handjaras

Betta

Leo

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Primary visual cortex is no longer considered exclusively visual in its function. Proofs that its activity plays a role in multisensory processes have accrued. Here we provide evidence that, in absence of retinal input, V1 maps sound envelope information. We modeled amplitude changes occurring at typical speech envelope timescales of four hierarchically-organized categories of natural (or synthetically derived) sounds. Using functional magnetic resonance, we assessed whether sound amplitude variations were represented in striate cortex and, as a control, in the temporal cortex. Sound amplitude mapping in V1 occurred regardless of the semantic content, was dissociated from the spectral properties of sounds and was not restricted to speech material. As in the temporal cortex, a spatially organized representation of amplitude modulation frequencies emerged in V1. Our results demonstrate that human striate cortex is a locus of representation of sound attributes.

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Sound induces change in orientation preference of V1 neurons: Audio-visual cross-influence

Cited by 4 publications

References 63 publications

V1 as an egocentric cognitive map

V1 as an egocentric cognitive map

Is coding a relevant metaphor for the brain?

Auditory features modelling reveals sound envelope representation in striate cortex

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