Audiometric Bing Test for Determination of Minimum Masking Levels for Bone-Conduction Tests

Martin, Frederick N.; Butler, Ernest C.; Burns, Paul C.

doi:10.1044/jshd.3902.148

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…This, in theory, would produce sound reflection back to the EAC, perhaps explaining why during the Weber test there is no further subjective auditory enhancement or lateralization when the ear canal is occluded, a phenomenon that has been long recognized (4,19,20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Bone-Conduction Hearing and the Occlusion Effect in Otosclerosis and Normal Controls

Tsai¹,

Ostroff²,

Korman³

et al. 2005

Otology & Neurotology

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Sound measured in the external canal likely represents energy lost to the environment transmitted through the middle and external ear systems, aided by the effect of both inertial and osseotympanic bone conduction. Occluding the ear leads to sound trapping and amplification. Also, the pressure exerted against the tympanic membrane reduces middle ear compliance and increases the impedance mismatch between air and the middle ear system, reflecting sound back into the external canal. This effect is further enhanced by stapes fixation to explain our data in both groups of subjects. The final common pathway in "lateralization" is probably a product of higher than normal impedance mismatch at the oval window.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Bone-Conduction Hearing and the Occlusion Effect in Otosclerosis and Normal Controls

Tsai¹,

Ostroff²,

Korman³

et al. 2005

Otology & Neurotology

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show abstract

“…In this case, there is an apparent ABG of 15 dB in the NTE. A conductive hearing loss reduces the occlusion effect and essentially eliminates it when the ABG reaches 20 dB (Martin et al, 1974). Thus, the correction factor is reduced by the ABG.…”

Section: Occlusion Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Masking Redux II: A Recommended Masking Protocol

Turner

2004

J Am Acad Audiol

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This is the second in a series of two papers on masking. The objective of these papers is to develop a masking protocol that provides valid measures of threshold and is, in general, faster than the plateau method. In the first paper, a masking method was presented that can replace the traditional plateau method in most masking situations. This new method is optimized to require fewer masking levels than the plateau method. As a result, this optimized method is faster, sometimes significantly, than the plateau method. This paper evaluates the optimized method and compares the optimized method to the traditional plateau method. This paper identifies specific masking situations in which the optimized method is not appropriate. A variation on the plateau method is described. When combined with the optimized method, these two masking methods constitute a recommended masking protocol that can be used in all masking situations.

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The Occlusion Effect and Ear Canal Sound Pressure Level

Fagelson

Martin

1998

Am J Audiol

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Comparisons were made between changes in the audibility of bone-conduction stimuli to differences in the sound pressure present in the external auditory canal when ears were occluded. Fifteen listeners with normal middle ear function were tested using pure tones of 250, 500, and 1000 Hz, delivered via a bone-conduction oscillator placed on the mastoid process and the frontal bone. At all three frequencies, and both sites of stimulation, ear canal sound pressures were greater in the occluded than in the unoccluded conditions. Concurrently, the test signals were detected at lower intensities, although the changes in audibility and external canal sound pressure levels were not unity. The occlusion effect was attenuated slightly when the skull was vibrated from the frontal bone.

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Audiometric Bing Test for Determination of Minimum Masking Levels for Bone-Conduction Tests

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Bone-Conduction Hearing and the Occlusion Effect in Otosclerosis and Normal Controls

Bone-Conduction Hearing and the Occlusion Effect in Otosclerosis and Normal Controls

Masking Redux II: A Recommended Masking Protocol

The Occlusion Effect and Ear Canal Sound Pressure Level

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