Atypical Toxoplasma gondii genotype in feral cats from the Fernando de Noronha Island, northeastern Brazil

Melo, Renata Pimentel Bandeira de; Almeida, Jonatas Campos de; Lima, Débora Costa Viegas de; Pedrosa, C.M.; Magalhães, Fernando Jorge Rodrigues; Alcântara, Adrianne Mota de; Barros, Luiz Daniel de; Vieira, Rafael Felipe da Costa; Garcia, João Luís; Mota, Rinaldo Aparecido

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.05.023

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…In this study, we show that this Caribbean 1 group is also endemic to northeast Brazil, where the TgRatraBrFN1 strain likely originates. The ToxoDB-RFLP genotype #146 seems to be the dominant genotype on the island since it has been isolated from chickens, cats, rats, and even cattle egrets living on the island in prior studies [3, 9, 10] and this study. The neighbour-joining analysis with microsatellite markers indicates that this genotype is related to clonal type III strains, but the fact that this genotype has only been sampled to date on the island [4] and its significant divergence from type III strains with RFLP markers suggests a specific evolutionary history for this genotype.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Previous studies reported high rates of T. gondii seroprevalence in different animal species in Fernando de Noronha, including cats, suggesting that transmission of this zoonotic parasite is active among the animal fauna of this Brazilian archipelago [7–9]. Toxoplasma gondii strains isolated from chickens, cats, and cattle egrets on Fernando de Noronha showed unexpected genotyping results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Toxoplasma gondii strains isolated from chickens, cats, and cattle egrets on Fernando de Noronha showed unexpected genotyping results. These results showed the presence of atypical genotypes that seemed endemic to the island as well as clonal type II strains that are common in Europe and North America but are virtually absent in mainland Brazil [3, 9, 10]. The objective of this study was to isolate and characterise T. gondii strains from one cat and several rodents on Fernando de Noronha with PCR-FLP and microsatellite markers and examine their genetic relationships with other strains previously isolated on the island and in mainland Brazil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cat-rodent Toxoplasma gondii Type II-variant circulation and limited genetic diversity on the Island of Fernando de Noronha, Brazil

et al. 2017

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BackgroundIn Brazil, studies on animals and humans in mainland areas have shown that most strains of Toxoplasma gondii are pathogenic to mice and exhibit great genetic variability.ResultsIn this study, using a set of 11 PCR-RFLP and 15 microsatellite markers, we isolated and genetically characterised T. gondii strains from one cat and three rats on Fernando de Noronha Island. The cat had antibodies to T. gondii, which were revealed using a modified agglutination test (MAT, cut-off 1:25) and the seroprevalence among the 46 rodents was 15.2%. Viable T. gondii was isolated from one cat (TgCatBrFN1), two brown rats (TgRatnoBrFN1 and TgRatnoBrFN2) and one black rat (TgRatraBrFN1). Unlike the strains from mainland Brazil, these isolates were not pathogenic to outbred mice. The genotypes of these strains were compared with strains previously isolated on the island and in mainland Brazil. The analysis based on microsatellite data showed a limited genetic diversity of T. gondii on Fernando de Noronha Island with the majority of strains clustered into the following three groups: type II, III, and Caribbean 1.ConclusionsThere was little variation among strains within the same group, suggesting that the majority of strains circulating on Fernando de Noronha are derived from only a few strains that were recently introduced to the island, likely from imported cats. Except for the strain belonging to the Caribbean 1 group that originates from northeast Brazil, there was little evidence that strains from the other groups were introduced to Fernando de Noronha via mainland Brazil.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2150-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cat-rodent Toxoplasma gondii Type II-variant circulation and limited genetic diversity on the Island of Fernando de Noronha, Brazil

et al. 2017

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“…Genotype #146 has already been described only in chickens, cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) and feral cats (Felis catus) [1,26,27], all of them being obtained of animals from Fernando de Noronha Island, in Brazil. Since Viçosa and Fernando de Noronha Island are apart by more than 800 km, we can observe that T. gondii genotypes are spread over the country.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Atypical and New Genotypes of Toxoplasma Gondii in Free-Range Chickens Intended for Human Consumption in Brazil

Silva

Barros

et al. 2020

Acta Parasit.

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The aim of the present study was to detect and genotype T. gondii in free-range chickens destined to human consumption in Alagoas state, Brazil. Methods Two hundred blood samples were collected from free-range chickens and submitted to indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT). Brain tissue from 14 animals randomly selected were subjected to mouse bioassay. Positive samples in mouse bioassay were submitted to PCR and genotyped by PCR-RFLP. Results Out of two hundred blood samples from chickens, 72 (36%) samples were considered positive by IFAT. Two T. gondii strains were isolated, both being characterized as atypical and classified as #146 and a new genotype, named #279 in ToxoDB database. Conclusions Our results showed a sero-occurrence of T. gondii in free-range chickens intended for humans, and the genetic diversity of the parasite in Brazil, with a new genotype described.

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“…As far as we know, the isolates of T. gondii obtained in this study had not been previously found in any of these five wild bird species in Brazil ( Rupornis magnirostris , Colaptes campestris , Caracara plancus , Megascops choliba , and Ramphastos toco ). Other isolation and genetic characterization studies of T. gondii obtained from free-living and/or captivity-bred wild animals have been carried out in Brazil, mostly with mammals ( Schmidt et al, 1969 ; Sogorb et al, 1977 ; Yai et al, 2009 ; Araújo et al, 2010 ; Dubey et al, 2011 ; Pena et al, 2011 ; Cabral et al, 2013 ; Barros et al, 2014 ; Vitaliano et al, 2014 ; Melo et al, 2016 ). Thirteen isolates of T. gondii have been obtained from wild birds: 12 isolates from Zenaida auriculata in the state of Paraná ( Barros et al, 2014 ) and one isolate from a lineated woodpecker ( Dryocopus lineatus ) in the state of São Paulo ( Vitaliano et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of Toxoplasma gondii isolates obtained from free-living wild birds rescued in Southeastern Brazil

Rêgo

Costa

Baraviera

et al. 2018

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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Recent studies carried out in Brazil have shown that strains from the same Toxoplasma gondii genotype can infect humans, domestic animals (dogs and cats) and animals slaughtered for human consumption (pigs, sheep, goats, and chickens), suggesting a common infection route. However, little is known about the importance of free-living wild birds within this epidemiological context. The objective of this work was to isolate, genotype, and evaluate the virulence for mice of new isolates of T. gondii obtained from free-living wild birds from the state of Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil. From August 2016 to June 2017, T. gondii was isolated from the hearts and brains collected from 6 out of 45 free-living wild birds, namely, a roadside hawk (Rupornis magnirostris), a campo flicker (Colaptes campestris), a southern caracara (Caracara plancus) and a tropical screech-owl (Megascops choliba), all rescued in Belo Horizonte. One isolate was obtained from a toco toucan (Ramphastos toco), rescued in Cristiano Otoni, and another was obtained from southern caracara, rescued in Santa Luzia. Five different genotypes were identified by PCR-RFLP. A unique genotype was shared in two different isolates obtained from a southern caracara and a toco toucan. This genotype has never been previously described in any other host or place. Three isolates were classified as of intermediary virulence and three isolates as avirulent for mice. The combined analysis of alleles ROP18/ROP5 (a serine/threonine kinase, and a polymorphic pseudokinase, respectively) was effective in determining the virulence of five of all the isolates with the exception of that from R. magnirostris. Atypical isolates of T. gondii obtained from free-living wild birds rescued in the state of Minas Gerais share the same genotypes of strains that infect humans, domestic animals, and animals slaughtered for human consumption.

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Atypical Toxoplasma gondii genotype in feral cats from the Fernando de Noronha Island, northeastern Brazil

Cited by 13 publications

References 19 publications

Cat-rodent Toxoplasma gondii Type II-variant circulation and limited genetic diversity on the Island of Fernando de Noronha, Brazil

Cat-rodent Toxoplasma gondii Type II-variant circulation and limited genetic diversity on the Island of Fernando de Noronha, Brazil

Occurrence of Atypical and New Genotypes of Toxoplasma Gondii in Free-Range Chickens Intended for Human Consumption in Brazil

Genetic diversity of Toxoplasma gondii isolates obtained from free-living wild birds rescued in Southeastern Brazil

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