Occurrence of Atypical and New Genotypes of Toxoplasma Gondii in Free-Range Chickens Intended for Human Consumption in Brazil

Silva, Ana Clécia dos Santos; Barros, Luiz Daniel de; Barros, Viviane Melo Coelho; Alcântara, Adrianne Mota de; Ribeiro-Andrade, Müller; Garcia, João Luís; Mota, Rinaldo Aparecido; Porto, Wagnner José Nascimento

doi:10.2478/s11686-020-00194-2

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The IHA test was used almost exclusively in surveys in China (Table 1); data on validation of this test in naturally infected chickens are not available. In the surveys that used IHA for T. gondii antibodies in chickens in China, the results of different studies are comparable because the same test kit and the same cut-off (1:64) were employed (Dong et al, 2018).…”

Section: Serologic Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiologic significance ofToxoplasma gondiiinfections in chickens (Gallus domesticus): the past decade

Dubey¹,

Pena²,

Cerqueira‐Cézar³

et al. 2020

Parasitology

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Toxoplasma gondii infections are common in humans and animals worldwide. Domestic free-range chickens (Gallus domesticus) are excellent sentinels of environmental contamination with T. gondii oocysts because they feed on the ground. Chickens can be easily infected with T. gondii; however, clinical toxoplasmosis is rare in these hosts. Chickens are comparatively inexpensive and thus are good sentinel animals for T. gondii infections on the farms. Here, the authors reviewed prevalence, the persistence of infection, clinical disease, epidemiology and genetic diversity of T. gondii strains isolated from chickens worldwide for the past decade. Data on phenotypic and molecular characteristics of 794 viable T. gondii strains from chickens are discussed, including new data on T. gondii isolates from chickens in Brazil. This paper will be of interest to biologists, epidemiologists, veterinarians and parasitologists.

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Section: Serologic Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiologic significance ofToxoplasma gondiiinfections in chickens (Gallus domesticus): the past decade

Dubey¹,

Pena²,

Cerqueira‐Cézar³

et al. 2020

Parasitology

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“…In addition, free-range chickens have an epidemiological significance because raw or undercooked chicken meat is a major source of infection for humans and other animals, if consumed or handled without proper hygiene (Casartelli-Alves et al, 2015). Moreover, it is worth mentioning that in previous studies T. gondii was isolated from free-range chickens in Northeastern Brazil and in the municipality investigated in this study (Clementino Andrade et al, 2013;Feitosa et al, 2016;Santos Silva et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Cross-sectional survey for toxoplasmosis in free-range chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) from the Atlantic Forest area in Alagoas state, Northeastern Brazil

Braz

Feitosa²,

Romão³

et al. 2020

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease, which is prevalent across the world and has a strong environmental component in its transmission chain. The present study determined the seroprevalence and factors related to Toxoplasma gondii infection among free-range chickens from an Atlantic Forest area in Northeastern Brazil. A total of 550 free-range chickens were tested for T. gondii antibodies usingthe indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT, cut-off point 1:16), and 269 (48.9%; 95% CI = 44.7-53.1%) were positive. Among the 61 properties 57 (93.4%) had at least one seropositive animal. The robust Poisson regression model showed that the variables/categories associated with the seroprevalence of T. gondii were: region of origin of the animals/urban area (prevalence ratio [PR] = 2.346; P<0.001), management system/use of cages (PR = 1.591; P = 0.019), presence of rodents/yes (PR = 1.295; P = 0.035), and the type of food/use of food scraps (PR = 1.603; P = 0.009). The high prevalence found suggest that this scenario demands careful management, mainly regarding the use of scraps of undercooked or raw food, adequate environmental hygiene and frequent rodentcontrol.

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“…Even so, they remain infectious in refrigerated carcasses (around one to four degrees) or in minced meat for three weeks, that is, while the meat is fit for human consumption [ 151 ]. T. gondii DNA has been found in cured bacon, raw or smoked sausages, ham, and minced meat [ 128 ]. Infections of parasites are more frequent in lamb and pork than in beef and chicken, with sheep meat representing the highest risk of infection in humans [ 152 ].…”

Section: Prevalence Of Toxoplasma Gondii In Food P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In China, Japan, and the USA, recent studies indicated a 10–20% infection rate of quick-frozen chickens [ 85 , 130 , 160 ]. In India, the chicken tissue prevalence is 2.3% and the seroprevalence is around 6.5% [ 130 ], whereas in Brazil the seroprevalence is around 36% [ 128 ]. T. gondii infection may be accompanied by infection from other pathogens of chickens, as Eimeria tenella [ 161 ].…”

Section: Prevalence Of Toxoplasma Gondii In Food P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasma gondii in Foods: Prevalence, Control, and Safety

Marín-García

Planas

Llobat

2022

Foods

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Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that causes toxoplasmosis, with approximately one third of the population around the world seropositive. The consumption of contaminated food is the main source of infection. These include meat products with T. gondii tissue cysts, and dairy products with tachyzoites. Recently, contamination has been detected in fresh products with oocysts and marine products. Despite the great health problems that are caused by T. gondii, currently there are no standardized methods for its detection in the food industry. In this review, we analyze the current detection methods, the prevalence of T. gondii in different food products, and the control measures. The main detection methods are bioassays, cell culture, molecular and microscopic techniques, and serological methods, but some of these do not have applicability in the food industry. As a result, emerging techniques are being developed that are aimed at the detection of multiple parasites simultaneously that would make their application more efficient in the industry. Since the prevalence of this parasite is high in many products (meat and milk, marine products, and vegetables), it is necessary to standardize detection methods, as well as implement control measures.

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Occurrence of Atypical and New Genotypes of Toxoplasma Gondii in Free-Range Chickens Intended for Human Consumption in Brazil

Cited by 10 publications

References 32 publications

Epidemiologic significance ofToxoplasma gondiiinfections in chickens (Gallus domesticus): the past decade

Epidemiologic significance ofToxoplasma gondiiinfections in chickens (Gallus domesticus): the past decade

Cross-sectional survey for toxoplasmosis in free-range chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) from the Atlantic Forest area in Alagoas state, Northeastern Brazil

Toxoplasma gondii in Foods: Prevalence, Control, and Safety

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