Atypical Findings of Focal Nodular Hyperplasia with Gadoxetic Acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Tumors of the liver and biliary tree, mainly hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma, are the second leading cause of cancer related death worldwide and the sixth leading cause of cancer related death among men in developed countries. Recent developments in biomarkers and imaging modalities have enhanced early detection and accurate diagnosis of these highly fatal malignancies. These advances include serological testing, micro-ribonucleic acids, fluorescence in situ hybridization, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, and hepatobiliary-phase magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, there have been major developments in the surgical and nonsurgical management of these tumors, including expansion of the liver transplantation criteria, new locoregional treatments, and molecularly targeted therapies. In this article, we review various types of hepatobiliary tumors and discuss new developments in their diagnosis and management.

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“…Thus, iso- or hyperintensity on the hepatobiliary phase is 84% sensitive and 99% specific to FNH. 73 , 79 …”

Section: Benign Liver Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatobiliary Tumors: Update on Diagnosis and Management

Kabbach

Assi

Bolotin

et al. 2015

JCTH

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“…These lesions are usually hyperenhanced in the early phase and isoenhanced in the hepatobilliray phase. However, a few cases of FNH have been reported to show defects during the delayed hepatobiliary phase ( 7 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Cystic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm with Huge Liver and Bone Metastases

et al. 2020

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Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms occasionally have a cystic component. We herein report a case of multiple hepatic tumors, including a huge one and a 24-mm sized pancreatic cystic lesion. The hepatic tumor showed an enhancement pattern consistent with hepatic adenoma. The pancreatic cystic lesion revealed a thickened outside border and a solid inside component, which was enhanced following a contrast study, suggesting cystic pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm. Surgical resection was performed. After the surgery, somatostatin receptor scintigraphy detected an occult lumbar spine metastasis. Huge multiple liver and bone metastases of the neuroendocrine neoplasm G2 component were seen, with a G1 small primary lesion.

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“…In some cases, they may mimic well-differentiated HCC. However, many other FNH may still show atypical findings, making the diagnosis difficult [ 52 ]. In these cases, IONs are a valuable tool in differentiating HCC from FNH [ 53 ].…”

Section: Linical Application Of Iron Oxide Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic and therapeutic roles of iron oxide nanoparticles in biomedicine

Hsiao

2022

Tzu Chi Medical Journal

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A BSTRACT Nanotechnology changed our understanding of physics and chemics and influenced the biomedical field. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONs) are one of the first emerging biomedical applications of nanotechnology. The IONs are composed of iron oxide core exhibiting magnetism and coated with biocompatible molecules. The small size, strong magnetism, and biocompatibility of IONs facilitate the application of IONs in the medical imaging field. We listed several clinical available IONs including Resovist (Bayer Schering Pharma, Berlin, Germany) and Feridex intravenous (I.V.)/Endorem as magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agents for liver tumor detection. We also illustrated GastroMARK as a gastrointestinal contrast agent for MR imaging. Recently, IONs named Feraheme for treating iron-deficiency anemia have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration. Moreover, tumor ablation by IONs named NanoTherm has also been discussed. In addition to the clinical application, several potential biomedical applications of IONs including cancer-targeting capability by conjugating IONs with cancer-specific ligands, cell trafficking tools, or tumor ablation agents have also been discussed. With the growing awareness of nanotechnology, further application of IONs is still on the horizon that would shed light on biomedicine.

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Atypical Findings of Focal Nodular Hyperplasia with Gadoxetic Acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Hepatobiliary Tumors: Update on Diagnosis and Management

Hepatobiliary Tumors: Update on Diagnosis and Management

Small Cystic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm with Huge Liver and Bone Metastases

Diagnostic and therapeutic roles of iron oxide nanoparticles in biomedicine

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