Atypical carcinoid of the esophagus

Shah, Manoj; Birwa, Shah B; Samanta, Satarupa; Patel, Maulin A

doi:10.4103/0377-4929.155322

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 2 publications

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“…However, atypical esophageal NETs (classified as large cell esophageal carcinoma or small cell esophageal carcinoma) may present at late stages with large fungating masses. These lesions have high mortality within a year despite surgical resection and subsequent chemotherapy[12-14]. …”

Section: Esophagusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving role of the endoscopist in management of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors

Yazıcı

Boulay

2017

WJG

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Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are uncommon gastrointestinal neoplasms but have been increasingly recognized over the past few decades. Luminal NETs originate from the submucosa of the gastrointestinal tract and careful endoscopic exam is a key for accurate diagnosis. Despite their reputation as indolent tumors with a good prognosis, some NETs may have aggressive features with associated poor long-term survival. Management of NETs requires full understanding of tumor size, depth of invasion, local lymphadenopathy status, and location within the gastrointestinal tract. Staging with endoscopic ultrasound or cross-sectional imaging is important for determining whether endoscopic treatment is feasible. In general, small superficial NETs can be managed by endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). In contrast, NETs larger than 2 cm are almost universally treated with surgical resection with lymphadenectomy. For those tumors between 11-20 mm in size, careful evaluation can identify which NETs may be managed with endoscopic resection. The increasing adoption of ESD may improve the results of endoscopic resection for luminal NETs. However, enthusiasm for endoscopic resection must be tempered with respect for the more definitive curative results afforded by surgical treatment with more advanced lesions.

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Section: Esophagusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving role of the endoscopist in management of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors

Yazıcı

Boulay

2017

WJG

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Contemporary outcomes of esophageal and gastroesophageal junction neuroendocrine tumors

Poston

Gupta

Alvarado

et al. 2023

Diseases of the Esophagus

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Adenocarcinoma and squamous cell esophageal cancers have been extensively studied in the literature. Esophageal neuroendocrine (NET)/carcinoid tumors are less commonly studied and have only been described in small series. The purpose of this study was to describe the demographics and natural history of esophageal NETs, as well as optimal treatments. We hypothesized that surgical resection would be the best treatment of esophageal NETs. The National Cancer Database was used to identify adult patients with esophageal or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer from 2004 to 2018. Patients were characterized as carcinoid/NET, adenocarcinoma, or squamous cell cancer. Clinical and demographic characteristics were compared between the histology groups. The primary outcome was overall survival, which was assessed by multivariable Cox analysis. Multivariable Cox analysis was also used to analyze factors associated with survival among NET patients who underwent surgery. Among 206,321 patients with esophageal cancer, 1,563 were NETs (<0.01%). Relative to the other two histologies, NETs were associated with younger age, female sex, and advanced clinical stage at diagnosis. Multivariate analysis suggested that NETs were less likely to be treated with surgical resection (OR 0.51, P < 0.001). Nonetheless, surgical resection was associated with improved survival (HR 0.64, P = 0.003). Among patients with NETs who received surgery, neoadjuvant therapy was associated with improved overall survival (HR 0.38, P = 0.013). NET of the esophagus presents with more advanced disease than other common histologies. Among patients with nonmetastatic cancer, surgical resection appears to be the best treatment. Neoadjuvant systemic therapy may offer survival benefit, but future studies are necessary.

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Atypical carcinoid of the esophagus

Cited by 2 publications

References 2 publications

Evolving role of the endoscopist in management of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors

Evolving role of the endoscopist in management of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors

Contemporary outcomes of esophageal and gastroesophageal junction neuroendocrine tumors

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