“…Those who identify either as a Republican or as conservative appear less likely to view the police as biased or unjust (Callanan and Rosenberger, 2011; Matsueda and Drakulich, 2009; Pickett et al, 2018; Wozniak et al, 2020), less likely to believe they use excessive force or otherwise misbehave (Callanan and Rosenberger, 2011; Wozniak et al, 2020), and generally like, support, or express confidence in the police (Callanan and Rosenberger, 2011; Cao et al, 1998; Fine et al, 2019; Wozniak et al, 2020; Zamble and Annesley, 1987). Those identifying as Republican or conservative are also more likely to hold related views, such as supporting police use of force or racial profiling (Gabbidon et al, 2009; Johnson et al, 2011; Silver and Pickett, 2015), and opposing Black Lives Matter (Drakulich et al, 2021; Updegrove et al, 2020).…”