Attitudes toward beef and vegetarians in Argentina, Brazil, France, and the USA

Ruby, Matthew B.; Alvarenga, Marle dos Santos; Rozin, Paul; Kirby, Teri A.; Richer, Eve; Rutsztein, Guillermina

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2015.10.018

Cited by 115 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The aim of the current research was to apply a theoretical model of the motivational basis of intergroup attitudes to a more novel research target: individuals described in terms of their dietary practices and identification. This investigation also contributes to other recent attempts to understand the basis of attitudes towards vegetarians and vegans (e.g., Chin, Fisak, & Sims, 2002;MacInnis & Hodson, 2017;Minson & Monin, 2012;Ruby, 2012;Ruby & Heine, 2011;Ruby et al, 2016) and the associations between right-wing ideologies and higher levels of meat consumption (e.g., Allen & Baines, 2002;Allen, Wilson, Ng, & Dunne, 2000;Dhont & Hodson, 2014).…”

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confidence: 60%

A dual‐process motivational model of attitudes towards vegetarians and vegans

Judge

Wilson

2018

Euro J Social Psych

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Vegetarians and vegans comprise a minority of most western populations. However, relatively little research has investigated the psychological foundations of attitudes towards this minority group. The following study employs a dual process model of intergroup attitudes to explore the motivational basis of non‐vegetarians' attitudes towards vegetarians and vegans. Participants were 1,326 individuals recruited through advertisements in a national newspaper in New Zealand. Non‐vegetarian participants first completed measures of ideological attitudes and social worldviews, and then were randomly assigned to complete a measure of outgroup attitudes towards either vegetarians or vegans. Although non‐vegetarians' attitudes towards both vegetarians and vegans were generally positive, attitudes towards vegans were significantly less positive than attitudes towards vegetarians, and male participants expressed significantly less positive attitudes towards both outgroups than female participants. The structural equation model predicting attitudes towards vegetarians and vegans fit the data well and explained a significant amount of the variance in attitudes.

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confidence: 60%

A dual‐process motivational model of attitudes towards vegetarians and vegans

Judge

Wilson

2018

Euro J Social Psych

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“…Ruby (2012) Suggest that reasons for becoming vegetarians impact the process, diet, and ideology. Ruby et al (2016) Attitudes toward vegetarians in four countries Argentina, Brazil, France, United States. Generally neutral attitude toward vegetarians.…”

Section: Rothgerber (2014a)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing meat consumption: Identifying group-specific inhibitors using latent profile analysis

Lacroix

Gifford

2019

Appetite

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Climate change mitigation requires changes in greenhouse gas emitting behaviours. This dissertation aims to provide insights into the influences of behaviour change for two high-impact pro-environmental behaviours: climate policy support and consumption of animal products. It does so by using quasi-and randomized experiments and by monitoring changes in behaviour over time. Study 1 examined changes in climate policy support and climate change risk perception over the course of a naturally occurring event: seasonal forest fires. It employed growth curve modeling techniques in a structural equation modeling framework to analyze longitudinal relations between these two constructs over time, and to examine growth in climate change risk perception while controlling for the effect of exposure to forest fires and other extreme weather. Indirect exposure to forest fires (e.g., media) had a modest effect on climate change risk perception. Climate change risk perception for individuals with above-mean perceptions of scientific agreement tended to increase faster than for those with below-mean perceptions. Individuals whose climate change risk perception grew at a faster-than-average rate tended to also grow at a faster-than-average rate for climate policy support. Study 2 provided insight into the psychological influences on consumption of animal products and on willingness to reduce. Following a comprehensive literature review, known influences were examined using Latent Profile Analysis to identify groups of individuals with similar perceptions of facilitators of meat consumption and obstacles to reducing it. Three groups were identified: stronghindrance meat eaters, moderate-hindrance meat eaters, and reducers. Validation variables confirmed the practicality of the three profiles: groups differed in their current consumption of animal products and in their willingness to reduce. Using these findings, three group-matched interventions were designed in Study 3. Intervention design was informed by four behaviour-iv change frameworks. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: control condition, implementation-intention condition, information-and-healthy-recipe condition, and information-and-substitution condition. Then, they completed up to 28 days of food diaries.Multilevel model analyses were employed to examine changes in the consumption of animal products over time. Participants reduced their consumption by 20 grams of CO2 per day on average. Individuals that were randomly assigned to an intervention condition that matched their meat-eater profile reduced their consumption of animal products by 40 grams CO2 per day on average. Taken together, these studies highlight the importance of considering individual differences (i.e., tailoring) when designing pro-environmental behaviour interventions. v

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“…Previous research indicates that the interpersonal politics of meat are gendered (Darst and Dawson 2019;Russell and Semenko 2016), as young women are more likely to decrease their meat consumption and less likely to like meat compared to young men (Pohjolainen et al 2016; Sanchez-Sabate and Sabat e 2019). Men are more likely to ridicule vegetarians and associate meat with masculinity (Elliot 2014) and less likely to reduce their meat consumption and/or buy local or organic food to reduce their ecological footprint (Elliot 2014;Rothgerber 2013;Ruby et al 2016). Thus, it seems that the political and gendered identities connected to vegetarian and/or vegan food makes it hard for some people (often males) to identify with plant-based alternatives.…”

Section: Discussion: Taking the (Political) Conflicts Of Consuming Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

The political dimension of consuming animal products in education: An analysis of upper-secondary student responses when school lunch turns green and vegan

Lindgren

2020

Environmental Education Research

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Addressing the consumption of animals as an educative and environmentally crucial question, this paper empirically examines the meaning of meat and animal consumption for learners in school settings. This study is based on focus groups with Swedish upper secondary students and is centred around their responses to a vegan month at their school as an initiative to emphasise the environmental consequences caused by human consumption of animal products. In order to make sense of the students responses in light of the disruption of animal products in the school restaurant, the school initiative is analysed as a dislocatory intervention. The analysis shows that 'eating environmentally' in education caused conflictual responses closely connected to political and gendered aspects of animal consumption. In conclusion, the author argues that a neutral or un-political position is not possible when animal consumption is on the educational table, and moreover, that there is a need to take political-conflictual responses seriously within education. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Attitudes toward beef and vegetarians in Argentina, Brazil, France, and the USA

Cited by 115 publications

References 40 publications

A dual‐process motivational model of attitudes towards vegetarians and vegans

A dual‐process motivational model of attitudes towards vegetarians and vegans

Reducing meat consumption: Identifying group-specific inhibitors using latent profile analysis

The political dimension of consuming animal products in education: An analysis of upper-secondary student responses when school lunch turns green and vegan

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