Attitudes to the recovery and recycling of agricultural plastics waste: A case study of Nova Scotia, Canada

Muise, Isaac; Adams, Michelle; Cote, R.F.; Price, G.W.

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2016.02.011

Cited by 58 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Waste consist of different character calorific value and different-sized particles, the average calorific value of which is dependent on external parameters: temperature, pressure, humidity. Average heat of combustion of MSW ~8000 kJ/kg [12][13][14][15][16]. The combustion of MSW consumes a large amount of oxygen O2, which increases considerably with increasing content of the waste plastic materials.…”

Section: Methods Of Utilization Of Mswmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-temperature processing of municipal solid waste

2019

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At present, processing and recycling of municipal solid waste (MSW) has become more relevant in our country and the world at large. This problem concerns large towns and cities, where every year millions of tons of all kinds of fractions of household waste are produced. Disposal or recycling of solid waste is an environmental issue, but it is associated with the solution of complex technical, energy and economic challenges. The purpose of this study is to identify the advantages and disadvantages of modern methods of processing and disposal of MSW with the prospect of developing and creating a device for recycling MSW taking into account modern approaches to energy saving and environmental protection. The main results of the study are to create a simple, reliable and technically sound method of MSW disposal to obtain additional energy. The significance of the results obtained for the construction industry is the design of a device for the disposal of solid waste with the production of solid combustion products and further their use as building materials and products for various purposes. Because of the technological process of MSW processing, it becomes possible to generate some returns through use of resulting thermal energy for electricity production.

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Section: Methods Of Utilization Of Mswmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At many enterprises and institutions, old technologies prevail and therefore in settlements the waste having the increased danger to the population collects. Burial of this waste does not solve a problem of their neutralization; it only shifts the solution of this problem on the near future [10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-temperature processing of municipal solid waste

2019

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“…Since for every b f ,0 ∈ B 0 the ratio χ 0 introduced by Equation (18) is an integer, by Equations (5), (18) and (24) we have:…”

Section: Optimal Design Of the Film Width And Overlap Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Distribution of the film strips wrapped around the bale is illustrated in Figure 1, and is the same for the two types of round-bale wrappers; see also the bale wrapper documentation [16]. However, silage wrap-film represents additional cost and environment damage [7,18]. Financial expenditures on the purchase of stretch film constitute a high percentage of the total costs of this technology [12,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A mathematical model describing film consumption as a function of the bale and film dimensions, and taking into account the mechanical properties of the stretch film described by the Poisson ratio and unit deformation, were presented, for the first time, in [24]. A mathematical model However, silage wrap-film represents additional cost and environment damage [7,18]. Financial expenditures on the purchase of stretch film constitute a high percentage of the total costs of this technology [12,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal and Robustly Optimal Consumption of Stretch Film Used for Wrapping Cylindrical Baled Silage

Stankiewicz¹

2019

Agriculture

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A conventional method for wrapping round bales of agricultural materials by wrappers with a rotating table or with rotating arms is considered. In contemporary agriculture, the demand for minimal consumption of the film used to wrap bales is very high, in order to apply this method with lower cost and less damage to the environment. A combined model-based problem of such a design, focusing on the width of stretch film and the overlap between adjacent film strips that minimizes film consumption, was mathematically formulated and solved. It was proven that the complete set of optimal film widths is defined by a simple algebraic equation described in terms of film, bale, and wrapping parameters. The optimal overlap ratios were found to be irreducible fractions in which the dividend is the divisor minus one; however, only the first three factions, 1 2 , 2 3 , and 3 4 , are practically significant. Next, the robustness to disturbances in the functioning of an actual bale wrapper, which leads to overlap ratio uncertainty, is examined. It was shown that, unfortunately, the optimal film widths applied together with the optimal overlaps do not provide any robustness to overlap variations. To overcome this inconvenience, the problems of a choice of the best commercially available film width guaranteeing minimal film consumption or maximal tolerance on the overlap uncertainty were formulated and solved. A new algorithm for a robust design of wrapping parameters was developed, motivated, and numerically verified to achieve a trade-off between satisfactory robustness and low film usage. For the resulting wrapping parameters, near-optimal film usage was achieved; the relative errors of the minimal film consumption approximation did not exceed 4%. It was proven that for the overlap, slightly more than 50%, i.e., 51% or 52%, provides both optimality and robustness of the overlap over disturbances, which are ensured regardless of the number of film layers. Moreover, it was found that for these overlaps and for the commercially available film widths selected according to the algorithm, the film consumption was more than twice as small than the film usage for exactly 50% overlap, if the actual overlap was smaller than pre-assumed. Similarly, an overlap of slightly more than the commonly used 67% will result in about 30% to 40% reduction in film usage in the presence of unfavorable disturbances, depending on the number of film layers and wrapping parameters.

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British dairy farmers’ management attitudes towards agricultural plastic waste: reduce, reuse, recycle

Chen

2022

Polymer International

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Agricultural plastic waste from nonpackaging polymers, such as those used in silage production, constitutes the majority of the UK's agricultural plastic waste due to inadequate management. This study included online and telephone interviews with 12 British dairy farmers (nine from England, three from Wales) to understand the use of non‐packaging plastic in silage production on British dairy farms. It examined their current silage production techniques and agricultural plastic waste management behaviours and highlighted the challenges of reducing plastic waste on dairy farms through the lens of circular economy. The findings show that UK dairy farmers have adhered to the mantra of reduce, reuse and recycle. They use silage clamps for high volumes of silage production, try to reuse some used silage sheets and express a strong interest in having their waste plastic collected and recycled. However, the lack of effective agricultural plastic waste collection services, inequitable enforcement of plastic waste management regulations and rising costs of waste plastic collection in the UK make it difficult for them to recycle effectively. © 2022 The Author. Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Industrial Chemistry.

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Attitudes to the recovery and recycling of agricultural plastics waste: A case study of Nova Scotia, Canada

Cited by 58 publications

References 22 publications

High-temperature processing of municipal solid waste

High-temperature processing of municipal solid waste

Optimal and Robustly Optimal Consumption of Stretch Film Used for Wrapping Cylindrical Baled Silage

British dairy farmers’ management attitudes towards agricultural plastic waste: reduce, reuse, recycle

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