Attitudes Can Be Measured

Thurstone, L. L.

doi:10.1086/214483

Cited by 1,108 publications

(626 citation statements)

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“…Researchers also use qualitative variables which work independently in a research, or thereby complement a quantitative approach. Some wellknown scales are the Likert scale (9) , the Thurstone scale (10) , and the Guttman scale (11) . When the object of measurement is not directly observable, the researcher has problems to construct the instrument, and such problems might continue during the data analysis.…”

Section: Variables and Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Thurstone scale consists of items with different weights, in which participants should indicate their agreement or disagreement; the participant's attitude is measured according to the weighted mean of agreed items (10) . The Guttman cumulative scale is also composed of items to which subjects report their agreement or disagreement; however, it is organized in a hierarchical format, in which the items are ordered from less favorable to more favorable.…”

Section: Variables and Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These instruments (9)(10)(11)(12) generated wide discussion, particularly on issues pertaining to the measurements of these variables. Therefore, it is essential to define the conceptual basis that supports the concept and the empiric support that the scale or measurement instrument gives to the construct (7) , when intending to analyze the constructs with these type of scales.…”

Section: Variables and Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Analysis of variables that are not directly observable: influence on decision-making during the research process

Curado

Teles²,

Marôco

2014

Rev. esc. enferm. USP

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A dimensão da amostra, o tipo de variá-veis, o seu formato de medida, a construção dos instrumentos de recolha de dados válidos e fiáveis, são aspectos a ter em consideração no processo de investigação. No âmbito das ciências sociais, da saúde e especificamente na área de enfermagem, os instrumentos de recolha de dados são muitas vezes compostos por variáveis componentes ou indicadores que dão origem a variáveis latentes ou não observáveis diretamente, daí a importância da decisão relativa à forma como são medidas (escala ordinal, Likert ou de tipo Likert). As escalas psicométricas são exemplos de instrumentos, pelo tipo de variáveis que as integram, que podem trazer problemas de medida e de análise estatística (testes paramétricos versus não paramétricos). Assim o investigador quando usa estas variáveis deve respeitar alguns pressupostos baseados em estudos de simulação ou em recomendações fundamentadas na evidência científica, de forma a tomar a melhor decisão.

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Section: Variables and Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Variables and Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Variables and Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Analysis of variables that are not directly observable: influence on decision-making during the research process

Curado

Teles²,

Marôco

2014

Rev. esc. enferm. USP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Also, in the 20th century, the works of Thurstone (3)(4) contributed greatly for the construction of latent trait measurements, especially the measurement of attitude. In his studies, the author (3)(4) developed a statistical method of measurement named Law of Comparative Judgments, which can be regarded as the most important probabilistic precursor of the Item Response Theory (1) .…”

Section: A Brief History Of the Measurement Theory And Irtmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In his studies, the author (3)(4) developed a statistical method of measurement named Law of Comparative Judgments, which can be regarded as the most important probabilistic precursor of the Item Response Theory (1) . When Thurstone was developing this method, he introduced two response mechanisms, the principles for the construction of psychological scales that are known as cumulative and unfolding mechanisms (5) .…”

Section: A Brief History Of the Measurement Theory And Irtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Teoria da Resposta ao Item

Araújo

Andrade

Bortolotti

2009

Rev. esc. enferm. USP

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RESUMOA preocupação com medidas de traços psicológicos é antiga, sendo que muitos estudos e propostas de métodos foram desenvolvidos no sentido de alcançar este objetivo. Entre os trabalhos propostos, destaca-se a Teoria da Resposta ao Item (TRI) que, a princípio, veio completar limitações da Teoria Clássica de Medidas, empregada em larga escala até hoje na medida de traços psicológicos. O ponto principal da TRI é que ela leva em consideração o item particularmente, sem relevar os escores totais; portanto, as conclusões não dependem apenas do teste ou questionário, mas de cada item que o compõe. Este artigo propõe-se a apresentar esta Teoria que revolucionou a teoria de medidas. DESCRITORES ABSTRACTThe concern with measures of psychological traits is old and many studies and proposals of methods were developed to achieve this goal. Among these proposed methods highlights the Item Response Theory (IRT) that, in principle, came to complete limitations of the Classical Test Theory, which is widely used until nowadays in the measurement of psychological traits. The main point of IRT is that it takes into account the item in particular, not relieving the total scores; therefore, the findings do not only depend on the test or questionnaire, but on each item that composes it. This article proposes to present this Theory that revolutionized the theory of measures. KEY WORDSMeasurements, methods and theories. Psychometrics. Psychological tests. Questionnaires. RESUMENLa preocupación con las medidas de los rasgos psicológicos es antigua y muchos estudios y propuestas de métodos fueron desarrollados para lograr este objetivo. Entre estas propuestas de trabajo se incluye la Teoría de la Respuesta al Ítem (TRI) que, en principio, vino a completar las limitaciones de la Teoría Clásica de los Tests, ampliamente utilizada hasta hoy en la medida de los rasgos psicológicos. El punto principal de la TRI es que se tiene en cuenta el punto concreto, sin relevar las puntuaciones totales; por lo tanto, los resultados no sólo dependen de la prueba o cuestionario, sino que de cada ítem que lo compone. En este artí-culo se propone presentar la Teoría que revolucionó la teoría de medidas. DESCRIPTORESMediciones, métodos y teorías. Psicometría. Pruebas psicológicas. Cuestionario.

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