Attitudes and Attitude Change

Chan, Man‐pui Sally; Jiang, Duo

doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190224837.013.16

Cited by 44 publications

(54 citation statements)

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“…Hence, one could question the validity of a language attitudes measure if the language presented in the experiment is decontextualized to such a high degree. However, if a memory component of attitudes is assumed—as it is by many psychologists (Albarracín, Wang & Noguchi, 2008) as well as linguists (Preston, 2015)—one could argue that what is being measured here is a type of association that functions as a starting point for, or that feeds into the formation of an evaluation of an attitude object in a certain context. Depending on the context in which the attitude object is encountered, the associations measured with the P-IAT can enter into competition with other information present in that context or in memory, and may or may not play a role in the formation of a final evaluation (see for instance Campbell-Kibler, 2009, 2012: 761-762 for a similar point of view).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring language attitudes using the Personalized Implicit Association Test: A case study on regional varieties of Dutch in Belgium

Rosseel

Speelman

Geeraerts

2018

J. of Ling. Geography

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This paper introduces the Personalized Implicit Association Test (P-IAT, Olson & Fazio, 2004) as a novel measure for language attitudes. Tying in with sociolinguists’ renewed interest in social psychological attitude measures (e.g., Campbell-Kibler, 2012; Pantos & Perkins, 2012; Speelman, Spruyt, Impe & Geeraerts, 2013), the study uses the P-IAT to measure associations with regional varieties of Belgian Dutch and compares the results to an explicit measurement, as well as the results from an experiment using auditory affective priming, another reaction time based attitude measure developed in social psychology, reported in Speelman et al. (2013). Results from both implicit measures show a strong preference for the standard variety of Belgian Dutch over out-group regional varieties, as well as in-group preferences for participants’ own variety over other regional varieties. However, results do not entirely coincide. The paper concludes by discussing the benefits and potential demerits of the P-IAT as a measure of language attitudes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring language attitudes using the Personalized Implicit Association Test: A case study on regional varieties of Dutch in Belgium

Rosseel

Speelman

Geeraerts

2018

J. of Ling. Geography

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“…This derives from the cognitive component concerning thoughts and generation of opinions (Breckler, ; Smith, ). Though a time‐consuming process, researchers have empirically tested the theory and framework in relation to consumer attitudes and political attitudes (Albarracin & Shavitt, ; Brick & Fournier, ; Cobb & Kuklinski, ; Krosnick, ; Maio, Haddock, & Verplanken, ); their findings suggest that it is possible to change existing attitudes toward BRI in countries hosting CMNE investment by providing relevant information. We will therefore put forward in the next section nation branding incorporating BRI messages.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chinese multinationals on the New Silk Route: Managing political risk by branding the nation

Zhang

Tsang

Fuschi

2020

Thunderbird Intl Bus Rev

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Though Chinese multinational enterprises (CMNEs) have brought investment and opportunities to countries along the Belt and Road Initiative, there has been scepticism regarding the content and context of their investment. On the one hand, infrastructural development contributes to GDP formation and enhances the efficiency of productive inputs where international trade enhances technology and export development, which jointly provides a path to economic growth. On the other hand, critical issues such as debt sustainability and national sovereignty among countries that have gone through the decolonization process mean that CMNEs need to grasp the implication of political risk when investing. This article focuses on South and Southeast Asia, where China has historical socio‐economic relationship, and proposes a nation branding model combining tradition and modernity which can be the way forward for CMNEs to mitigate political risk in relation to the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) investment. Nation branding of BRI could be seen as a continuity of China's unfinished business in globalization that has preceded the modern polity; nevertheless, there is a need to communicate a coherent and authentic message that reflects the reality of business operations.

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“…This definition is known as the three-component view of attitude and includes affective (feeling and emotions), cognitive (believes, thoughts, attributes) as well as behavioral (past behavior and experiences) aspects. Moreover, attitudes comprise both, contents that is accessible to the conscious mind and can be verbally, explicitly expressed, but also the implicit imprints of past experiences that might be not or not correctly identifiable by introspection, but nevertheless can guide behavior (17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Implicit and Explicit Staff Attitudes in the Use of Coercive Measures in Psychiatry

et al. 2021

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Many determinants leading to the use of different coercive measures in psychiatry have been widely studied and it seems that staff attitudes play a crucial role when it comes to the decision-making process about using coercion. However, research results about staff attitudes and their role in the use of coercive measures are inconsistent. This might be due to a focus on self-report studies asking for explicit answers, which involves the risk of bias. This study aimed to expand research on this topic by examining the impact of explicit and implicit staff attitudes on the use of coercive measures in clinical practice. In addition, the influence of gender, profession (nurses, psychiatrists), and years of professional experience as well as their influence on staff attitudes were examined. An adaption of the implicit association measure, the Go/No-Go Association Task (GNAT), with the target category coercion and distracter stimuli describing work load, as well as the explicit questionnaire Staff Attitudes to Coercion Scale (SACS) was completed by staff (N = 149) on 13 acute psychiatric units in 6 hospitals. Data on coercive measures as well as the total number of treated cases for each unit was collected. Results showed that there was no association between staff's implicit and explicit attitudes toward coercion, and neither measure was correlated with the local frequency of coercive measures. ANOVAs showed a significant difference of the GNAT result for the factor gender (F = 9.32, p = 0.003), demonstrating a higher tendency to justify coercion among female staff members (M = −0.23, SD = ±0.35) compared to their male colleagues (M = −0.41, SD = ±0.31). For the SACS, a significant difference was found for the factor profession (F = 7.58, p = 0.007), with nurses (M = 2.79, SD = ±1.40) showing a more positive attitude to the use of coercion than psychiatrists (M = 2.15, SD = ±1.11). No significant associations were found regarding the extent of professional experience. Results indicate a complex interaction between implicit and explicit decision-making processes dependent on specific contexts. We propose future research to include primers for more context-related outcomes. Furthermore, differences in gender suggest a need to direct attention toward occupational safety and possible feelings of anxiety in the workplace, especially for female staff members.

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Attitudes and Attitude Change

Cited by 44 publications

References 0 publications

Measuring language attitudes using the Personalized Implicit Association Test: A case study on regional varieties of Dutch in Belgium

Measuring language attitudes using the Personalized Implicit Association Test: A case study on regional varieties of Dutch in Belgium

Chinese multinationals on the New Silk Route: Managing political risk by branding the nation

The Role of Implicit and Explicit Staff Attitudes in the Use of Coercive Measures in Psychiatry

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