Attitude toward women in Turkey: Combined effect of sex, place, and culture

Bugay, Aslı; Delevi, Rakel; Mullet, Étienne

doi:10.1007/s12144-019-00273-2

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…As in previous studies (for a review, see Bugay et al, 2019;Twenge, 1997), gender impacted on ATW. Males expressed more traditional views than females.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

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Conjoint Use of Regression Analysis and Functional Measurement to Test Models of Combination of Factors Predicting Negative Attitude to Women

2019

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The present study was aimed at showing that by conjointly using two techniques that are rarely used in combination – regression analysis and functional measurement, it may be possible to rigorously tests models of combination of factors using data obtained in traditional multi-item/multi-scale surveys. The data used for this demonstration were taken from a large survey (N = 3,235) of Turkish students’ attitude to women (ATW). As it included 12 types of predictors (e.g., age, geographic location, score on collectivism scales), stepwise regression analysis was firstly used to select a subset of predictors. Three of them explained the major part of variance: biological gender (sex), level of political conservatism in the area (the place factor), and personal score on the vertical individualism scale (the culture factor). Secondly, continuous conservatism and collectivism scores were categorized into three levels and three factorial plots were created -- one for each level of support for conservatism -- with ATW on the y-axis, vertical collectivism on the x-axis, and biological sex on curves. Divergence of curves observed in all panels supported a multiplicative-type model of combination of the gender and culture factors. As a result, the model of combination of factors suggested was: Negative Attitude to Women = (Gender x Culture) + Place.

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“…As in previous studies (for a review, see Bugay et al, 2019;Twenge, 1997), gender impacted on ATW. Males expressed more traditional views than females.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…The present study was conducted in Turkey (Bugay, Delevi, & Mullet, 2019). A total of 3,235 voluntary, non-remunerated students (aged 18-25, 70% females) from 16 universities (see Table 1) participated.…”

Section: Using Regression Analysis To Determine Which Measurements Shmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conjoint Use of Regression Analysis and Functional Measurement to Test Models of Combination of Factors Predicting Negative Attitude to Women

2019

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“…The fact that these roles being imposed on women and men in most areas of social life, creates discrimination against women, which often leads to women being in secondplaced in social life and a pattern of inequality that values men more than women (Aydın, 2016;Bahadır-Yılmaz & Öz, 2018;Bugay et al 2019;Çetinkaya, 2013;Dinç and Çalışkan, 2016;World Economics Forum, 2018;Öngen & Aytaç, 2013;Sakallı-Uğurlu et al, 2018;Seçgin & Tural, 2011;Seyitoğlu et al, 2016). Gender roles attitudes and epistemological beliefs are influenced by the culture and the level of development of individuals.…”

Section: Epistemological Beliefs In Youthmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Gender Role Attitudes and Epistemological Beliefs of University Students

Çuhadaroğlu

2021

EJES

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In this study, the relationships between university students and their perceptions of gender roles and epistemological beliefs were investigated. Gender roles are a phenomenon that are determined by culture, and begin to emerge at an early age, which may include some stereotypical behaviors along with a number of attitudes, duties and obligations that the individual is expected to perform as a woman or a man. Epistemological belief is seen as an individual feature of how knowing and learning take place. In this study, a mixed method was used. The quantitative study group consists of 517 students from both universities, while the qualitative study group consists of 85 people. Gender Role Attitudes Scale and Epistemological Beliefs Scale were used to collect quantitative data. In order to obtain qualitative data, participants were given a form consisting of open-ended questions. According to the analyses, it was determined that there was a significant relationship between the participants' epistemological beliefs and gender roles attitudes and, epistemological beliefs were a significant predictor of gender roles attitudes. The results obtained are discussed in line with the existing literature. Article visualizations:<img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0798/a.php" alt="Hit counter" />

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“…Despite gender roles in Turkey have been developing into non-traditional ways, gender gap is still high, and Turkey ranked 130 th country out of 153 in gender equality index (World Economic Forum, 2020). Further, gender roles and attitudes toward women in Turkey were found to significantly interact with sex, place where people live (e.g., conservative areas), and their cultural orientation toward vertical collectivism (i.e., hierarchy and inequality in society) (Bugay et al, 2019). In conclusion, differences in gender roles and expectation between the Philippines and Turkey may promote prosocial behaviors differentially and needs to be taken into consideration.…”

Section: Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Roles of Perspective Taking, Empathic Concern, and Prosocial Moral Reasoning in the Self-Reported Prosocial Behaviors of Filipino and Turkish Young Adults

Gülseven

Kumru

Carlo

et al. 2020

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology

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Traditional social cognitive model of prosocial development suggests important links between both sociocognitive and socioemotive traits and prosocial behaviors. The present study examined the relations among perspective taking, empathic concern, prosocial moral reasoning, and public, emotional, compliant, and anonymous prosocial behaviors in Filipino and Turkish young adults to test the generalizability of this traditional model. Participants were 257 college students recruited from state universities in Ankara, Turkey (57 women, 83 men; Mage = 19.26 years, SD = 0.63) and Manila, the Philippines (75 women, 42 men; Mage = 18.41 years, SD = 1.44). Results showed that the relations among perspective taking, empathic concern, prosocial moral reasoning, and four types of self-reported prosocial behaviors were robust across two countries and gender. Perspective taking was positively related to empathic concern, which, in turn, was positively related to emotional and compliant prosocial behaviors. Perspective taking was also positively related to prosocial moral reasoning, which, in turn, was positively related to anonymous and negatively related to public prosocial behaviors. Overall, the findings provide support for the generalizability of traditional model of prosocial development and extend our understanding of prosocial behaviors to two non-Western, collectivist-oriented societies.

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Attitude toward women in Turkey: Combined effect of sex, place, and culture

Cited by 12 publications

References 31 publications

Conjoint Use of Regression Analysis and Functional Measurement to Test Models of Combination of Factors Predicting Negative Attitude to Women

Conjoint Use of Regression Analysis and Functional Measurement to Test Models of Combination of Factors Predicting Negative Attitude to Women

The Relationship Between Gender Role Attitudes and Epistemological Beliefs of University Students

The Roles of Perspective Taking, Empathic Concern, and Prosocial Moral Reasoning in the Self-Reported Prosocial Behaviors of Filipino and Turkish Young Adults

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