Attentional, emotional and hormonal data in subjects of different ages

Fontani, Giuliano; Lodi, Leda; Felici, Andrea; Corradeschi, F.; Lupo, Concetta

doi:10.1007/s00421-004-1108-3

Cited by 41 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The observation that testosterone did not affect individual choices militates against explanations for more egocentric choices in terms of general motivational [38] or attentional [20] effects. Because we did not use monetary rewards, this militates against potential explanations in terms of testosterone's known effects on reward processing, which can explain results in more traditional economic paradigms [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testosterone disrupts human collaboration by increasing egocentric choices

et al. 2012

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Collaboration can provide benefits to the individual and the group across a variety of contexts. Even in simple perceptual tasks, the aggregation of individuals' personal information can enable enhanced group decision-making. However, in certain circumstances such collaboration can worsen performance, or even expose an individual to exploitation in economic tasks, and therefore a balance needs to be struck between a collaborative and a more egocentric disposition. Neurohumoral agents such as oxytocin are known to promote collaborative behaviours in economic tasks, but whether there are opponent agents, and whether these might even affect information aggregation without an economic component, is unknown. Here, we show that an androgen hormone, testosterone, acts as such an agent. Testosterone causally disrupted collaborative decision-making in a perceptual decision task, markedly reducing performance benefit individuals accrued from collaboration while leaving individual decision-making ability unaffected. This effect emerged because testosterone engendered more egocentric choices, manifest in an overweighting of one's own relative to others' judgements during joint decision-making. Our findings show that the biological control of social behaviour is dynamically regulated not only by modulators promoting, but also by those diminishing a propensity to collaborate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testosterone disrupts human collaboration by increasing egocentric choices

et al. 2012

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“…Participants were tested in homogeneous environmental and physiological conditions. Each one sat in a comfortable reclining chair, in front of a TV screen with the forefinger of his dominant hand on the key of a modified computer keyboard [7,8]. Before the beginning of the experiment children were given detailed instructions on the experimental procedure.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distracting effect of TV watching on children's reactivity

et al. 2010

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The experiment, aimed to evaluate the distracting effect of television, was carried out on 122 children, divided into three groups. All groups performed the auditory vigilance test (AVT) to assess reaction time (RT) to an auditory stimulus and the number of errors in responding to the stimulus. Children in group 1 performed the AVT while in front of a blank TV set and listening to the soundtrack of a movie (SO test), then watching a black and white cartoon (BW test). Children in group 2 performed the AVT while in front of a blank TV set and listening to the soundtrack of a movie (SO test), then watching a color cartoon (CC test). Group 3 performed SO, BW, and CC tests consecutively. RT and the number and type of errors were measured. In each group, 30 days separated one session from the following. A significant increase of median RTs (more than 10%) and errors (twice and more) was observed both in the case of BW and CC tests with respect to SO test. RT increased throughout all tests. During SO test, errors are mainly "false reactions", but in BW and CC tests, errors are more numerous, and they are mainly "omissions". TV movies have a significant distracting and attention-capturing effect, which increases throughout the vision of the show. No advantage in decreasing this effect is offered by removing color from the movie.

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“…It is reported to have effects on diverse cognitive domains ranging from attention (Fontani et al 2004) to social interaction (Wright et al 2012; Eisenegger et al 2010). In relation to learning, testosterone administration in elderly men has been shown to improve the recall of short storeys and routes (Cherrier et al 2001), and in women to improve both spatial memory (Postma et al 2000) as well as accuracy at mental rotation of objects (Aleman et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, testosterone has been previously associated with enhanced attention (Fontani et al 2004) that might improve learning within session; whilst a slow timescale of effect might suggest a role in consolidation that would accord with testosterone’s ability to induce cellular changes as seen in rodents (Fuxjager et al 2011). Testosterone’s widespread actions present further difficulties in parsing its possible role in perception.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testosterone induces off-line perceptual learning

et al. 2012

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RationalePerceptual learning operates on distinct timescales. How different neuromodulatory systems impact on learning across these different timescales is poorly understood.ObjectivesHere, we test the causal impact of a novel influence on perceptual learning, the androgen hormone testosterone, across distinct timescales.MethodsIn a double-blind, placebo- controlled, cross-over study with testosterone, subjects undertook a simple contrast detection task during training sessions on two separate days.ResultsOn placebo, there was no learning either within training sessions or between days, except for a fast, rapidly saturating, improvement early on each testing day. However, testosterone caused “off-line” learning, with no learning seen within training sessions, but a marked performance improvement over the days between sessions. This testosterone-induced learning occurred in the absence of changes in subjective confidence or introspective accuracy.ConclusionsOur findings show that testosterone influences perceptual learning on a timescale consistent with an influence on “off-line” consolidation processes.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00213-012-2769-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Attentional, emotional and hormonal data in subjects of different ages

Cited by 41 publications

References 39 publications

Testosterone disrupts human collaboration by increasing egocentric choices

Testosterone disrupts human collaboration by increasing egocentric choices

Distracting effect of TV watching on children's reactivity

Testosterone induces off-line perceptual learning

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