Attention deficit disorder in reading-disabled twins: Evidence for a genetic etiology

Gillis, Jacquelyn J.; Gilger, Jeffrey W.; Pennington, Bruce F.; DeFries, John C.

doi:10.1007/bf00916694

Cited by 158 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…A greater concordance between monozygotic twins than in dizygotic twins was found. These results support the idea of a genetic influence in the etiology of the disorder (Gillis, et al, 1991;Sherman, et al, 1997b). …”

Section: Wwwintechopencomsupporting

confidence: 80%

Motor Skills in Children with ADHD: Comparative Study from the Farmacological Treatment

Claros¹,

Álvarez²

2012

Current Directions in ADHD and Its Treatment

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The development of this paper has primarily a theoretical and conceptual approach of the disorder from the scientific evidence established by different authors where issues as the definition, prevalence, etiology, comorbidities and therapeutic implications arise, making emphasis on motor skill and comorbidity; secondly the results obtained in the study show the relationship between the psychomotor profile of children diagnosed from pharmachological treatment.

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Section: Wwwintechopencomsupporting

confidence: 80%

Motor Skills in Children with ADHD: Comparative Study from the Farmacological Treatment

Claros¹,

Álvarez²

2012

Current Directions in ADHD and Its Treatment

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“…88 Furthermore, ADHD is highly related to oppositional disorder (35%) in childhood, with conduct disorder (50%), alcohol and substance abuse during adolescence and with antisocial personality disorder (15%), alcoholism (25%), and substance dependence (20%) during early adulthood. 4,[89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97] Based upon complex segregation analyses [4][5][6] and high estimated heritability values [1][2][3] that strongly suggest the presence of a major gene underlying the ADHD susceptibility, we considered the possibility of a genetic mapping of this major factor by analyzing multigenerational and extended pedigrees coming from a genetic isolate. 6 These families segregated ADHD according to a Mendelian model and exhibited power to detect linkage with parametric, non-parametric methods and linkage disequilibrium using FBAT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] Three independent complex segregation analyses [4][5][6] and observation of heritability values higher than 80% 1-3 strongly suggest that an important variance component of ADHD susceptibility may be explained by Mendelian laws.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pedigree disequilibrium test (PDT) replicates association and linkage between DRD4 and ADHD in multigenerational and extended pedigrees from a genetic isolate

et al. 2004

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Association/linkage between dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) polymorphisms and attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been suggested by case-control-and nuclear-familybased studies. Here, we present a candidate gene analysis for DRD4 using 14 extended and multigenerational families segregating ADHD derived from the 'Paisa' community of Antioquia, Colombia, a genetic isolate. Two DRD4 polymorphisms (a 120 bp tandem duplication at the promoter and a 48 bp-VNTR at exon 3), reported associated to ADHD, were genotyped. Parametric and non-parametric linkage analyses, and a family-based association test (FBAT), the pedigree disequilibrium test (PDT), were applied to search for evidence of association/ linkage. Two-point LOD scores were significantly negative, with values ranging from À3.21 (P ¼ 0.011158) to À7.66 (P ¼ 0.000091 at h ¼ 0). Non-parametrical analysis resulted in nonsignificant evidence for linkage. The PDT showed a moderate trend toward significance of association/linkage between the 7-repeat (7R) allele at the 48 bp VNTR and ADHD (P ¼ 0.0578). Furthermore, the haplotype analysis shows a significant association/linkage of the 7R-240 bp haplotype (P ¼ 0.0467) with ADHD. Results suggest that either a moderate DRD4 genetic effect, or linkage disequilibrium of DRD4 with an ADHD disease locus in the vicinity or the linkage to a phenotypic component of the ADHD spectrum could be underlying this association/linkage. These results provide further evidence for the association of ADHD to genetic variation in or near to DRD4 and replicate the previously reported association between ADHD and the 7R allele.

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“…[4][5][6][7][8][9][10] The heritability appears to be the same for extreme cases of ADHD as it does for individual differences in ADHD behaviours in the general population, 6,11 suggesting that the categorical diagnosis of ADHD represents the extreme of a genetically influenced continuous trait. The implication is that both categorical (diagnostic) and dimensional (quantitative trait) approaches are valid molecular genetic strategies when studying ADHD.…”

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confidence: 99%

Association of the dopamine transporter (DAT1) 10/10-repeat genotype with ADHD symptoms and response inhibition in a general population sample

et al. 2005

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Association between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the 10-repeat allele of the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) has been reported in independent clinical samples using a categorical clinical definition of ADHD. The present study adopts a quantitative trait loci (QTL) approach to examine the association between DAT1 and a continuous measure of ADHD behaviours in a general-population sample, as well as to explore whether there is an independent association between DAT1 and performance on neuropsychological tests of attention, response inhibition, and working memory. From an epidemiological sample of 872 boys aged 6-11 years, we recruited 58 boys scoring above the 90th percentile for teacher reported ADHD symptoms (SWAN ADHD scale) and 68 boys scoring below 10th percentile for genotyping and neuropsychological testing. A significant association was found between the DAT1 homozygous 10/10-repeat genotype and high-scoring boys (v 2 square ¼ 4.6, Po0.03; odds ratio ¼ 2.4, 95% CI 1.1-5.0). Using hierarchical linear regression, a significant independent association was found between the DAT1 10/10-repeat genotype and measures of selective attention and response inhibition after adjusting for age, IQ, and ADHD symptoms. There was no association between DAT1 and any component of working memory. Furthermore, performance on tasks of selective attention although associated with DAT1 was not associated with SWAN ADHD high scores after controlling for age and IQ. In contrast, impairment on tasks that tapped sustained attention and the central executive component of working memory were found in high-scoring boys after adjusting for age and IQ. The results suggest that DAT1 is a QTL for continuously distributed ADHD behaviours in the general population and the cognitive endophenotype of response inhibition. Molecular Psychiatry (2005) 10, 686-698.

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Attention deficit disorder in reading-disabled twins: Evidence for a genetic etiology

Cited by 158 publications

References 20 publications

Motor Skills in Children with ADHD: Comparative Study from the Farmacological Treatment

Motor Skills in Children with ADHD: Comparative Study from the Farmacological Treatment

Pedigree disequilibrium test (PDT) replicates association and linkage between DRD4 and ADHD in multigenerational and extended pedigrees from a genetic isolate

Association of the dopamine transporter (DAT1) 10/10-repeat genotype with ADHD symptoms and response inhibition in a general population sample

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