ATSDR evaluation of health effects of tungsten and relevance to public health

Keith, L. Samuel; Moffett, Daphne B.; Rosemond, Zemoria A.; Wohlers, David

doi:10.1177/0748233707076767

Cited by 29 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…There exist very few experimental data to characterize the reproductive toxicity of W, and to our knowledge no observational studies have been conducted in humans (Keith et al, 2007). In contrast, U is well-recognized as a reproductive toxicant at high doses (Domingo, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth outcomes and background exposures to select elements, the Longitudinal Investigation of Fertility and the Environment (LIFE)

Bloom

Louis

Sundaram

et al. 2015

Environmental Research

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Evidence suggests that trace exposures to select elements may increase the risk for adverse birth outcomes. To investigate further, we used multiple regression to assess associations between preconception parental exposures to Pb, Cd, and total Hg in blood, and 21 elements in urine, with n=235 singleton birth outcomes, adjusted for confounders and partner’s exposure. Earlier gestational age at delivery (GA) was associated with higher tertiles of urine maternal W (−1.22 days) and paternal U (−1.07 days), but GA was later for higher tertiles of maternal (+1.11 days) and paternal (+1.30 days) blood Hg. Additional analysis indicated shorter GA associated with higher paternal urine Ba, W, and U, and with higher maternal blood Pb for boys, but GA was longer in association with higher maternal urine Cr. Birth weight (BW) was lower for higher tertiles of paternal urine Cs (−237.85 g), U (−187.34 g), and Zn (−209.08 g), and for higher continuous Cr (P=0.021). In contrast, BW was higher for higher tertiles of paternal urine As (+194.71 g) and counterintuitively for maternal blood Cd (+178.52 g). Birth length (BL) was shorter for higher tertiles of urine maternal W (−1.22 cm) and paternal U (−1.10 cm). Yet, higher tertiles of maternal (+1.11 cm) and paternal (+1.30) blood Hg were associated with longer BL. Head circumference at delivery was lower for higher tertiles of paternal urine U (−0.83 cm), and for higher continuous Mo in boys (−0.57 cm). Overall, associations were most consistently indicated for GA and measures of birth size with urine W and U, and paternal exposures were more frequently associated than maternal. Though limited by several factors, ours is the largest multi-element investigation of prospective couple-level trace exposures and birth outcomes to date; the novel observations for W and U merit further investigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth outcomes and background exposures to select elements, the Longitudinal Investigation of Fertility and the Environment (LIFE)

Bloom

Louis

Sundaram

et al. 2015

Environmental Research

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“…Workers in the cemented tungsten carbide industry are exposed to several tungsten compounds which have a range of solubility in the body [14]. WO 3 was reported to cause mild pulmonary fibrosis in rats [10], though this effect was not confirmed in another study [11]. Laboratory-prepared TBO materials can generate free radicals at rates higher than asbestos in vitro , which could contribute to development of pulmonary fibrosis [15] though it is unknown whether this reaction occurs in vivo .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of tungsten oxide particle/fiber mixtures in artificial human lung fluids

Stefaniak

2010

Part Fibre Toxicol

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BackgroundDuring the manufacture of tungsten metal for non-sag wire, tungsten oxide powders are produced as intermediates and can be in the form of tungsten trioxide (WO3) or tungsten blue oxides (TBOs). TBOs contain fiber-shaped tungsten sub-oxide particles of respirable or thoracic size. The aim of this research was to investigate whether fiber-containing TBOs had prolonged biodurability in artificial lung fluids compared to tungsten metal or WO3 and therefore potentially could pose a greater inhalation hazard.MethodsDissolution of tungsten metal, WO3, one fiber-free TBO (WO2.98), and three fiber-containing TBO (WO2.81, WO2.66, and WO2.51) powders were measured for the material as-received, dispersed, and mixed with metallic cobalt. Solubility was evaluated using artificial airway epithelial lining fluid (SUF) and macrophage phagolysosomal simulant fluid (PSF).ResultsDissolution rates of tungsten compounds were one to four orders of magnitude slower in PSF compared to SUF. The state of the fiber-containing TBOs did not influence their dissolution in either SUF or PSF. In SUF, fiber-containing WO2.66 and WO2.51 dissolved more slowly than tungsten metal or WO3. In PSF, all three fiber-containing TBOs dissolved more slowly than tungsten metal.ConclusionsFiber-containing TBO powders dissolved more slowly than tungsten metal and WO3 powders in SUF and more slowly than tungsten metal in PSF. Existing pulmonary toxicological information on tungsten compounds indicates potential for pulmonary irritation and possibly fibrosis. Additional research is needed to fully understand the hazard potential of TBOs.

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“…Thus, Co can accumulate and induce contact dermatitis as well as obstructive lung diseases without a known dose-response relationship (Linna et al 2003;Palmen 2005), interstitial inXammation and Wbrosis (ATSDR 2004(ATSDR , 2005Kelleher et al 2000;Keith et al 2007;Kerwien 1996) depending on its particle size (Zhang et al 2000) and being genotoxic and carcinogenic (Lison et al 2001;de Boeck et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison between exhaled breath condensate analysis as a marker for cobalt and tungsten exposure and biomonitoring in workers of a hard metal alloy processing plant

Broding

Michalke

Göen

et al. 2008

Int Arch Occup Environ Health

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According to our study, urinary concentrations of Co and W seem to be more reliable indicators of current workplace exposure than EBC concentrations. As far as new methods and exposure matrices for valid concentration measurements in respiratory organs and possible hazardous effects--especially of cobalt--in the lung are concerned, the present results are less clear-cut, and further research is required.

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ATSDR evaluation of health effects of tungsten and relevance to public health

Cited by 29 publications

References 79 publications

Birth outcomes and background exposures to select elements, the Longitudinal Investigation of Fertility and the Environment (LIFE)

Birth outcomes and background exposures to select elements, the Longitudinal Investigation of Fertility and the Environment (LIFE)

Persistence of tungsten oxide particle/fiber mixtures in artificial human lung fluids

Comparison between exhaled breath condensate analysis as a marker for cobalt and tungsten exposure and biomonitoring in workers of a hard metal alloy processing plant

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