Atrioventricular Dissociation and Congestive Heart Failure in a Ring-Necked Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus)

Abstract

The aim of this clinical report was to describe a case of complete atrioventricular dissociation in a 9-month-old, male ring-necked pheasant ( Phasianus colchicus ). The case was incidentally determined during the evaluation of electrocardiograms recorded from pheasants. There were no observed clinical symptoms in the bird before or after the electrocardiogram. The PR interval varied, and there was no association of the P waves and QRS complexes in the electrocardiogram. Although the ventricular rhythm was regular (130 beats/min), atrial rhythm was irregular (approximately 91 beats/min). Pathological examination showed there was left ventricular hypertrophy with degeneration of the mitral valve of the heart and well-marked congestion in the liver and lung.

Myxomatous degeneration of the left atrioventricular valve in a true parrot (Amazona aestiva): a case report

“…The hydropericardium, which was observed in three animals, may have had etiologies other than cardiogenic (Lumeji & Ritchie, 1994). In the light of the other findings, it was attributed to CHF since the animals presented with concomitantly dilated cardiac chambers (Kaya et al, 2015).…”

“…The liver presented several changes: a dark red color, an increase in parenchymal size, and the presence of blood at the cut site, which are signs typical of animals with hepatic congestion (Oglesbee & Lehmkuhl, 2001). Hepatic congestion is a common finding in animals that develop right-sided heart failure (Kaya et al, 2015), which slows venous return, leading to the accumulation of blood in systemic vessels and organs, especially in the liver. This can lead to leakage of cavity fluid (Krautwald-Junghanns et al, 2004), which may explain the presence of ascites in some individuals, since they also had cardiomegaly.…”

3D Printing of Implants Composed of Nanjing Tamasudare‐Inspired Flexible Shape Transformers

“…Thanks to their high flexibility in scale, these transformable stents could potentially be used as the inner stent rings for bile ducts, [ 17 ] tracheae, [ 18 ] esophagi, [ 19 ] and gastrointestinal tracts, [ 20 ] and as outer rings to cover atrioventricular rings and prevent hypertrophy. [ 21 ]…”