Atricephenols A and B, two phenolic compounds from Indigofera atriceps Hook.f. (Fabaceae)

Abstract

The phytochemical investigation of a previously unstudied species of the genus Indigofera, I. atriceps Hook.f. was undertaken and two new phenolic compounds, atricephenols A (1) and B(2) were isolated, along with nine known secondary metabolites viz., (-)-melilotocarpan D (3), genistein (4), melilotocarpan A (5), maackiain (6), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (7), bornesitol (8), βsitosterol (9), sitosterol-3-O--D-glucopyranoside (10) and stigmasterol-3-O--Dglucopyranoside (11). Their structures were elucidated by extensive NMR spectroscopic analyses and HRESIMS, and by comparing their data with those reported in the literature.Compounds 1, 4, 7-11 were tested for their antibacterial efficacies and for their potential to inhibit the enzyme urease. Compounds 7 and 9 showed significant antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi (ZOIs of 13 and 15 mm, respectively), while the best urease inhibition was measured for compound 9 with an IC 50 value of 18.6 µM, which is higher than that of the potent inhibitor, thiourea (IC 50 = 21.5 µM).

Enzyme Urease Activity and Phytochemical Investigation of the Leaves of Baissea Mortehanii (Apocynaceae)

“…The same work was carried out on the species indigofera atriceps Hook. f and indigofera spicata Forsk [16].…”

Combining DoE and MASE: a winning strategy for the isolation of natural bioactive compounds from plant materials

“…Regarding the in-depth description of specific experimental designs, models, and details concerning the statistics involved in using these tools, interested readers are referred to the fundamental literature on the subject. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]27 The last part of the experimental design involves transforming the data obtained into information and their analysis. The model must be examined to determine if it shows good predictability; this means that it must adequately represent the response function in the experimental domain.…”

“…Regarding the in-depth description of specific experimental designs, models, and details concerning the statistics involved in using these tools, interested readers are referred to the fundamental literature on the subject. 5–21,27…”

“…Notably, biomass extraction is a fundamental and critical step in the NADD process and often requires a high volume of usually organic and not eco-compatible solvents, and a prolonged time (from 1 to 5 days). 7,8 Optimization of such procedures could drastically decrease the costs required for the NADD process, also considering waste management. For this reason, many extraction techniques have been developed over the years, moving from conventional (i.e., maceration, percolation, and steam distillation) to the so-called unconventional methods (i.e., ultrasound-and microwave-assisted extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, and pressurized solvent extraction).…”