Atrial receptors in the cat.

Kappagoda, C. T.; Mary, David A.S.G.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1976.sp011603

Cited by 27 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The pure 'type A' (inconvertible) discharge was shown to emanate from receptors anatomically outside the atrial endocardium. From this evidence in the cat a hypothesis was suggested that the precise position of any receptor in the atrial endocardium could explain its pattern(s) ofdischarge (Kappagoda et al 1976). …”

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confidence: 99%

Atrial receptors in the dog and rabbit

Kappagoda¹,

Mary²

1977

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Action potentials were recorded from slips of the cervical vagi in anaesthetized dogs and rabbits. Single functional units with atrial patterns of discharge (Paintal Type A, B and intermediate) were obtained and then attempts were made to alter (i.e. convert) their patterns of discharge. Finally the points of origin of these action potentials were located.2. Thirty unselected units were investigated in thirty dogs. Twentyseven of these were located in the endocardium of the vein-atrial system and the ratio of the type A, type B and intermediate type receptors was 1: 16: 10; three units were located elsewhere in the chest. Conversion of the pattern of discharge was achieved in twenty of the twenty-seven units; conversion was achieved in the single type A unit.3. In a second series of experiments in dogs, eight Paintal Type A units were selectively studied in fifteen animals. Four of these were located in the endocardium and all were converted. The remaining four were located outside the endocardium and conversion could not be achieved in two of these. Thus in the entire investigation, the 'type A' units which could not be converted were all located at sites other than the atrial endocardium.4. In the corresponding unselected study in the rabbit, eleven units were studied in eleven animals. Nine of these units were located in the atrial endocardium and the ratio of the type A, type B and intermediate type receptors was 2:1:6. Conversion was achieved in both type A units, the sole type B unit and two of the intermediate units.

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confidence: 99%

Atrial receptors in the dog and rabbit

Kappagoda¹,

Mary²

1977

The Journal of Physiology

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“…However, intermediate AB-type discharges have also been described, suggesting that 331 there may be only one type of receptor with the different discharge patterns 332 structure (Kappagoda et al, 1976). These early experiments were carried out in cats 334 and dogs and recordings were from myelinated afferents postulated to arise from 335 unencapsulated endings.…”

Section: Function 326mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vagal afferents, sympathetic efferents and the role of the PVN in heart failure

Shenton

Pyner

2016

Autonomic Neuroscience

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“…From the work of Kappagoda, Linden & Mary (1976) it appeared that receptors displaying A-firing patterns were often localized outside the heart, whereas B-fibres were traced almost exclusively to the junctions of veins and atria and to the interatrial septum. Therefore, results concerning B-firing patterns presented in our study originated from anatomically (fourteen) as well as functionally (six) localized receptors, results concerning A-firing patterns came exclusively from anatomically localized receptors, and the dependence of firing pattern on receptor location in the heart was analysed solely for anatomically localized receptors.…”

Section: General Commentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also agree with the conclusion of Recordati (1975) that type A receptors are 'functionally "in series" with atrial muscle', in the sense that contraction of the atrium will result in localized stretch of tissue at some distance from the site of contraction (such as the septum at the beginning of atrial contraction). Kappagoda, Linden & Mary (1976) (Arndt et al 1971) might be explained in part by receptor sensitivity to rate of stretch and by the high rate (8 cm/sec) of motion of the atrial wall during contraction (Arndt et al 1974). An increase in atrial volume of 2 ml./sec during atrial pulsation would add only approximately 0 5 cm/sec to the motion of the atrial wall, an insignificant influence on the firing rate of A-receptors, which operate near saturation.…”

Section: Rate Sensitivity Of Atrial B-receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of atrial mechano‐receptors to pulsation of atrial volume

Baertschi¹,

Gann²

1977

The Journal of Physiology

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1. Firing patterns of single atrial fibres were monitored in order to study their sensitivity to rate of change of atrial volume and their dependence on receptor location in the atria. 2. To that effect, sinusoidal fluctuations of volume (±1 ml.; 60/min) were superimposed on the natural pulsations of the heart of spontaneously breathing anaesthetized cats. 3. Stimulus—response histograms revealed that maximal firing frequency of B‐impulses preceded maximal volume change by 10‐80° (average 48±7° ( S.E.), thirteen right and left atrial receptors) indicating that sensitivity to rate of change of atrial volume at least equalled volume sensitivity. 4. The rate sensitive component of B‐firing increased with respect to the volume sensitive component when atrial filling diminished and was larger for high threshold receptors than for low threshold receptors (P<0·001). 5. The A‐bursts were not affected by atrial pulsing in eight out of nine anatomically localized receptors; inspiration prolonged the A‐bursts of three receptors and advanced the timing of A‐bursts with respect to the a‐wave (10‐50 msec) of all nine receptors. 6. About half of all anatomically localized receptors were traced to the interatrial septum. These septal receptors differed from right and left atrial receptors as follows: (a) they were exclusively of the AB‐type (fired during atrial a‐ and v‐wave); (b) their B‐firing rates were significantly lower (P<0·05); (c) A‐firing patterns remained largely unaffected by respiration or by atrial pulsing; (d) they signalled volume changes of either atria; (e) no association of rate sensitivity with threshold was detected (P>0·95). The physiological role of septal receptors remains to be elucidated. 7. It was concluded that B‐fibres were sensitive to both change and rate of change of atrial volume; their role as sensors of venous return is suggested strongly. Results further suggested that A‐ and B‐firing are determined largely by the location of atrial stretch receptors.

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Atrial receptors in the cat.

Cited by 27 publications

References 17 publications

Atrial receptors in the dog and rabbit

Atrial receptors in the dog and rabbit

Vagal afferents, sympathetic efferents and the role of the PVN in heart failure

Responses of atrial mechano‐receptors to pulsation of atrial volume

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