Vagal afferents, sympathetic efferents and the role of the PVN in heart failure

Shenton, Fiona C.; Pyner, Susan

doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2016.08.009

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…2c). Our PRV trans-synaptic retrograde tracing and c-Fos detection experiments both suggested the importance of the PVN and RVLM, two vital brain regions for the central integration of sympathetic out ow [34][35][36][37] . Therefore, we speculated that the PVN and RVLM may be the pivotal nuclei for regulating MIRI.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) is activated by blood pressure elevation, which initiates various compensatory changes in cardiac and vasomotor activity to reduce blood pressure 32,33 . Important regions for the central integration of sympathetic out ow such as the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) are also associated with cardiovascular function [34][35][36][37] . However, whether or how these regions are involved in regulating MIRI is still unclear.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Paraventricular Nucleus–Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla Pathway Contributes to Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Zhang

Zou

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI), the major pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease, is a crucial therapeutic focus. To date, whether MIRI is centrally mediated and its underlying processing hierarchy remain elusive. We show that the electrical activity of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) neurons increased after MIRI in a mouse model. We identified a neural circuit involving glutamatergic projections from the paraventricular nucleus (GluPVN) to tyrosine hydroxylase–expressing neurons in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (THRVLM) that contributes to MIRI. Transneuronal tracing with neurotropic viruses indicated that the THRVLM neurons project directly to the spinal preganglionic neurons and then to the stellate ganglion, two critical neural nodes along the brain–heart axis. Chemogenetic inhibition of the GluPVN→THRVLM circuit or cervical sympathetic blockade reduced the level of norepinephrine in the heart and thereby prevented MIRI. Furthermore, pharmacological blockade of myocardium β-receptors also reduced MIRI. This brain–heart circuit that promotes MIRI represents a potential therapeutic target for MIRI treatment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

A Paraventricular Nucleus–Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla Pathway Contributes to Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Zhang

Zou

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…PVN stimulation is consistently associated with increases in blood pressure, heart rate, and sympathetic outflow (Kenney et al, 2001; Martin & Haywood, 1992; Martin et al, 1991; Zhang et al, 2002). The PVN also receives input from a variety of peripheral sensory afferents(Shenton & Pyner, 2016; Zheng & Patel, 2017). Indeed, several pieces of data indicate that the cardiac sympathetic afferents impinge on the PVN.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Venoconstrictor responses to activation of bradykinin‐sensitive pericardial afferents involve the region of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus

Martin

Reihe

Drummer

et al. 2022

Physiological Reports

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Veins are important in the control of venous return, cardiac output, and cardiovascular homeostasis. However, the effector systems modulating venous function remain to be fully elucidated. We demonstrated that activation of bradykininsensitive pericardial afferents elicited systemic venoconstriction. The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is an important site modulating autonomic outflow to the venous compartment. We tested the hypothesis that the PVN region is involved in the venoconstrictor response to pericardial injection of bradykinin. Rats were anesthetized with urethane/alpha chloralose and instrumented for recording arterial pressure, vena caval pressure, and mean circulatory filling pressure (MCFP), an index of venous tone. The rats were fitted with a pericardial catheter and PVN injector guide tubes. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and MCFP responses to pericardial injection of bradykinin (1, 10 µg/kg) were recorded before and after PVN injection of omega conotoxin GVIA (200 ng/200 nl). Pericardial injection of saline produced no systematic effects on MAP, HR, or MCFP. In contrast, pericardial injection of bradykinin was associated with short latency increases in MAP (16 ± 4 to 18 ± 2 mm Hg) and MCFP 0.35 ± 0.19 to 1.01 ± 0.27 mm Hg. Heart rate responses to pericardial BK were highly variable, but HR was significantly increased (15 ± 9 bpm) at the higher BK dose. Conotoxin injection in the PVN region did not affect baseline values for these variables. However, injection of conotoxin into the area of the PVN largely attenuated the pressor (−1 ± 3 to 6 ± 3 mm Hg), MCFP (−0.19 ± 0.07 to 0.20 ± 0.18 mm Hg), and HR (4 ± 14 bpm) responses to pericardial bradykinin injection. We conclude that the PVN region is involved in the venoconstrictor responses to pericardial bradykinin injection.

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“…An analogous signaling path has been implicated in heart failure, whereby vagal afferent signaling is induced by pressure-sensitive atrial volume receptors in the wall of the right atrium. This signal is then conveyed to the PVN, which responds by increasing sympathetic tone, resulting in heart failure (129).…”

Section: Implications Of the Role Of The Neuronal Histaminergic Systementioning

confidence: 99%

Is Neuronal Histamine Signaling Involved in Cancer Cachexia? Implications and Perspectives

2019

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Tabarean wrote: "Histamine modulates several aspects of energy homeostasis. By activating histamine receptors in the hypothalamus the bioamine influences thermoregulation, its circadian rhythm, energy expenditure and feeding. These actions are brought about by activation of different histamine receptors and/or the recruitment of distinct neural pathways." Wondering if this could also be a description of cancer cachexia in neurobiological terms, Zwickl began scouring the literature, pondering possible mechanisms involved, checking plausibility, looking at phenomena where distinct mechanisms have already been shown, and eventually coming up with what is being presented in this paper.

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Vagal afferents, sympathetic efferents and the role of the PVN in heart failure

Cited by 15 publications

References 88 publications

A Paraventricular Nucleus–Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla Pathway Contributes to Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

A Paraventricular Nucleus–Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla Pathway Contributes to Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Venoconstrictor responses to activation of bradykinin‐sensitive pericardial afferents involve the region of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus

Is Neuronal Histamine Signaling Involved in Cancer Cachexia? Implications and Perspectives

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