Atrial fibrillation: Insights from animal models, computational modeling, and clinical studies

Pinto, Carolyna Yamamoto Alves; Trayanova, Natalia A.

doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104310

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…Thus, it has been demonstrated that persistent patients showed more fibrosis in the LA than paroxysmal patients, presenting 2-to 3-fold more fibrosis than non-AF patients, showing a significant correlation between fibrosis and AF severity, in which long-standing persistent patients presented more fibrosis than paroxysmal AF patients, which is also consistent with our results [26]. Furthermore, in studies performed on explanted human atria, both MRI and histology studies showed significant fibrosis in both atria in AF patients; these data suggest that fibrosis highly correlates with AF and also plays a significant role in AF maintenance [27]. However, our results showed that miR-486-5p expression correlates with LVA percentage, LA area, and LA volume.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Plasma miR-486-5p Expression Is Upregulated in Atrial Fibrillation Patients with Broader Low-Voltage Areas

Cebro-Márquez,

Rodríguez-Mañero,

Serrano-Cruz

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia worldwide, affecting 1% of the population over 60 years old. The incidence and prevalence of AF are increasing globally, representing a relevant health problem, suggesting that more advanced strategies for predicting risk stage are highly needed. miRNAs mediate several processes involved in AF. Our aim was to identify miRNAs with a prognostic value as biomarkers in patients referred for AF ablation and its association with LVA extent, based on low-voltage area (LVA) maps. In this study, we recruited 44 AF patients referred for catheter ablation. We measured the expression of 84 miRNAs in plasma from peripheral blood in 3 different groups based on LVA extent. Expression analysis showed that miR-486-5p was significantly increased in patients with broader LVA (4-fold, p = 0.0002; 5-fold, p = 0.0001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that miR-486-5p expression could predict atrium LVA (AUC, 0.8958; p = 0.0015). Also, miR-486-5p plasma levels were associated with AF-type (AUC, 0.7137; p = 0.0453). In addition, miR-486-5p expression was positively correlated with LVA percentage, left atrial (LA) area, and LA volume (r = 0.322, p = 0.037; r = 0.372, p = 0.015; r = 0.319, p = 0.045, respectively). These findings suggest that miR-486-5p expression might have prognostic significance in LVA extent in patients with AF.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Plasma miR-486-5p Expression Is Upregulated in Atrial Fibrillation Patients with Broader Low-Voltage Areas

Cebro-Márquez,

Rodríguez-Mañero,

Serrano-Cruz

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…Clinically, AF can be defined as paroxysmal (converted to normal sinus rhythm within 7 days), persistent (converted to normal sinus rhythm after 7 days), long-standing persistent (lasting for more than 12 months), or permanent (unable to be terminated and converted to normal sinus rhythm) [ 47 ]. Current research and exploration of AF support the hypothesis that AF is produced by the interaction between a ‘trigger’ (initiating electrical stimulation) and a ‘substrate’ (vulnerable tissue causing AF to be induced and sustained in certain cases) [ 48 ]. The development and persistence of AF requires pathophysiological remodeling of the atria.…”

Section: The Pathophysiology Of Afmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sphingolipids: drivers of cardiac fibrosis and atrial fibrillation

Liu,

Luo

et al. 2023

J Mol Med

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Sphingolipids (SLs) are vital constituents of the plasma membrane of animal cells and concurrently regulate numerous cellular processes. An escalating number of research have evinced that SLs assume a crucial part in the progression of tissue fibrosis, a condition for which no efficacious cure exists as of now. Cardiac fibrosis, and in particular, atrial fibrosis, is a key factor in the emergence of atrial fibrillation (AF). AF has become one of the most widespread cardiac arrhythmias globally, with its incidence continuing to mount, thereby propelling it to the status of a major public health concern. This review expounds on the structure and biosynthesis pathways of several pivotal SLs, the pathophysiological mechanisms of AF, and the function of SLs in cardiac fibrosis. Delving into the influence of sphingolipid levels in the alleviation of cardiac fibrosis offers innovative therapeutic strategies to address cardiac fibrosis and AF.

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“…In addition, a 21-year follow-up cohort showed that POAF was associated with poorer long-term survival after esophagectomy (HR 2.99, 95% CI=1.37–6.53). Further, POAF increased the risk of stroke, cognitive decline, and depression, reduced the quality of life, and brought a great burden to patients and the medical system ( 10 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive nomogram for postoperative atrial fibrillation in locally advanced esophageal squamous carcinoma cell with neoadjuvant treatment

Fang

Chen

et al. 2023

Front. Surg.

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BackgroundNeoadjuvant therapy following minimally invasive esophagectomy is recommended as the standard treatment for locally advanced esophageal squamous carcinoma cells (ESCC). Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after esophagectomy is common. We aimed to determine the risk factors and construct a nomogram model to predict the incidence of POAF among patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy.MethodsWe retrospectively included patients with ESCC receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT), neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT), or neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (nICT) following minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) for analysis. Patients without a history of AF who did not have any AF before surgery and who developed new AF after surgery, were defined as having POAF. We applied a LASSO regression analysis to avoid the collinearity of variables and screen the risk factors. We then applied a multivariate regression analysis to select independent risk factors and constructed a nomogram model to predict POAF. We used the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) curve to evaluate the nomogram model.ResultsA total of 202 patients were included for analysis, with 35 patients receiving nCRT, 88 patients receiving nCT, and 79 patients receiving nICT. POAF occurred in 34 (16.83%) patients. There was no significant difference in the distribution of neoadjuvant types between the POAF group and the no POAF group. There was a significant increase in postoperative hospital stay (p = 0.04), hospital expenses (p = 0.01), and comprehensive complication index (p < 0.001). The LASSO analysis screened the following as risk factors: blood loss; ejection fraction (EF); forced expiratory volume in 1 s; preoperative albumin (Alb); postoperative hemoglobin (Hb); preoperative Hb; hypertension; time to surgery; age; and left atrial (LA) diameter. Further, preoperative Alb ≤41.2 g/L (p < 0.001), preoperative Hb >149 g/L (p = 0.01), EF >67.61% (p = 0.008), and LA diameter >32.9 mm (p = 0.03) were determined as independent risk factors of POAF in the multivariate logistic analysis. The nomogram had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.77. The Briser score of the calibration curve was 0.12. The DCA confirmed good clinical value.ConclusionsPreoperative Alb ≤41.2 g/L, LA diameter >32.9 mm, preoperative Hb >149 g/L, and EF >67.61% were determined as the risk factors for POAF among patients with ESCC. A novel and valuable nomogram was constructed and validated to help clinicians evaluate the risk of POAF and take personalized treatment plans.

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Atrial fibrillation: Insights from animal models, computational modeling, and clinical studies

Cited by 9 publications

References 77 publications

Plasma miR-486-5p Expression Is Upregulated in Atrial Fibrillation Patients with Broader Low-Voltage Areas

Plasma miR-486-5p Expression Is Upregulated in Atrial Fibrillation Patients with Broader Low-Voltage Areas

Sphingolipids: drivers of cardiac fibrosis and atrial fibrillation

Predictive nomogram for postoperative atrial fibrillation in locally advanced esophageal squamous carcinoma cell with neoadjuvant treatment

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