Background:
Atrial electromechanical delay (AEMD) is the time interval between the beginning of
P
wave on surface electrocardiography and starting of the late diastolic wave on tissue Doppler imaging. We investigated the prolongation of AEMD, echocardiographic changes, and correlation of these findings with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Materials and Methods:
The study consisted of 105 (49 females and 56 males; mean age: 65.1 ± 9) patients with COPD exacerbation and 104 (21 females and 83 males; mean age: 64.8 ± 9.6) stable COPD outpatients. Demographics, body mass index, pulmonary function tests, and transthoracic echocardiography of the patients were evaluated. Echocardiography was performed in the first 6 h for stable COPD outpatients and in the first 24 h for COPD exacerbation patients. Diameters of right ventricle (RV), left ventricle (LV) and left atrium, aortic root diameters, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), E
max
, A
max
, E
max
/A
max
, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), Ea, Aa, Ea/Aa, E
max
/Ea, and tricuspid regurgitation velocity (TRV) were evaluated. AEMD measurements were obtained from lateral/tricuspid, lateral/mitral, and septal annulus from apical four-chamber views with tissue Doppler imaging and corrected for heart rate. Complete blood count including NLR was also assessed.
Results:
The mean age of patients in exacerbation period (65.1 ± 9) was higher than the stable group (64.8 ± 9.6). RV basal and mid diameters (
P
< 0.001), A
max
(
P
< 0.001), Ea tricuspid (
P
= 0.040), Aa tricuspid (
P
< 0.001), TRV, and systolic pulmonary artery pressure (
P
< 0.001) were higher; TAPSE and tricuspid E
max
/A
max
(
P
< 0.001) were significantly lower in patients with COPD exacerbation. LV end-diastolic diameter (
P
= 0.002) and LVEF (
P
= 0.005), E
max
/A
max
mitral (
P
< 0.001), Ea/Aa mitral (
P
< 0.001), and Ea/Aa septal (
P
< 0.001) were significantly lower; A
max
mitral (
P
= 0.002), Aa mitral (
P
< 0.001), Aa septal (
P
< 0.001), and systolic motion mitral (
P
= 0.011) were significantly higher in patients with exacerbation. AEMD lateral/tricuspid (
P
< 0.001), lateral/mitral (
...