Atrazine losses from fallow land caused by runoff and erosion

The effects of nutrient, pH and herbicide levels on algal growth

“…Runoff samples obtained after at a concentration of less than 1 ppb (9). White, et al (45), found atrazine (see Table I) in runoff water when applied to field plots (6.5 percent slope) at the rate of 3.36kg/ha. They showed that, under normal conditions, 0.1 kg/ha or lesser amounts of the herbicide were commonly encountered in the runoff.…”

“…In actual field conditions, the herbicide transportation to aquatic systems depends upon many factors. The greatest herbicide transportations are generally associated with irrigation or heavy rains immediately after herbicidal application (45). Runoff shortly after atrazine application showed significant amounts of the herbicide, as high as 15 percent or 1.17 to 4.91 ppm of the total applications, were detected in water from a surface-contoured watershed (35).…”

Atrazine Dissipation and Off-Plot Movement in a Nebraska Sandhills Subirrigated Meadow

“…Lateral movement of atrazine dissolved in surface runoff water and adsorbed on eroded sediment has b a n documented (White et al 1967, Hall et al 1972, Ritter et al 1974, Wauchope 1978, and leaching through soil has been reported (Bumside et al 1963, Rodgers 1968, Wehtje et al 1984. Atrazine can be adsorbed on soil clay and organic colloids (McGlamery and Slife 1966, Weber et al 1969, Weber 1970), but may leach in coarse-textured soils low in organic matter (Bumside et al 1965, Rodgers 1968, Roetli et al 1969.…”

Interactions of Water Quality and Integrated Groundwater Management: Examples from the United States and Europe

“…Water quality deterioration by pesticides, for example, is well recognized, for surface or drained water (Schiavon and Jacquin 1973;White et al 1967) and groundwater (Muir and Baker 1978). Since the early identification of the concern, degradation of water quality by pesticides become widespread in Europe (Capriel et al 1985;Heydel et al 1999;Réal et al 2001Réal et al , 2004European Commission 2002, 2010.…”