Atrazine Dissipation and Off-Plot Movement in a Nebraska Sandhills Subirrigated Meadow

Brejda, John J.; Shea, Patrick J.; Moser, Lowell E.; Waller, Steven S.

doi:10.2307/3899581

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Concern for pesticide contamination of groundwater necessitates a determination of fate of pesticides applied to turfgrass. The low water solubility (0.5 mg kg" 1 at 20 C) and high organic carbon partition coefficient (KQC) 3 (24300) of pendimethalin (13) does not indicate high leaching potential, but a critical evaluation of the fate of pendimethalin in turfgrass is essential before widespread use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pendimethalin Dissipation in Kentucky Bluegrass Turf

Stahnke¹,

Shea²,

Tupy³

et al. 1991

Weed sci.

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Pendimethalin dissipation was studied following annual 1.7 kg ai ha–1applications to 3-yr-old Kentucky bluegrass turf growing on a Sharpsburg silty clay loam soil and an 85/15 by volume sand/Sharpsburg soil mixture in 150-cm-deep rhizotron containers. Plant tissue, thatch, and soil were sampled periodically between application and 168 days after treatment (DAT). Soil and leachate were collected to monitor pendimethalin movement. Most of the herbicide appeared to remain within the turfgrass system. Pendimethalin concentration was highest in plant tissue and thatch. The 4-hydroxymethyl pendimethalin metabolite was detected in turfgrass tissue up to 42 DAT. No pendimethalin was detected at the 30-, 60-, or 120-cm depths in the rhizotron containers. Traces (≤0.003 mg kg–1) of pendimethalin detected in rhizotron leachate collected between 6 and 14 days after heavy rainfall (88 and 95 DAT, respectively) were attributed to gravitational displacement of soil colloids containing adsorbed herbicide. Pendimethalin application to established turfgrass would not appear to pose a high risk of groundwater contamination.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pendimethalin Dissipation in Kentucky Bluegrass Turf

Stahnke¹,

Shea²,

Tupy³

et al. 1991

Weed sci.

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“…Working in turf, Stahnke et al (1991) found more pendimethalin in the surface soil layer and less remaining in the thatch when postapplication rainfall was heavier. Even moderately soluble herbicides such as atrazine (6‐chloro‐ N ‐ethyl‐ N ′‐(1‐methylethyl)‐1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4‐diamine) can bind to thatch and require rainfall for activation (Brejda et al, 1988).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weed Control for Stand Duration Perennial Ryegrass Seed Production

Mueller‐Warrant¹,

Rosato

2002

Agronomy Journal

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Novel alternatives to open‐field burning recently adopted by Oregon grass seed growers included retaining postharvest residues chopped into mulch. Because herbicide performance had never been tested under such conditions, research objectives included determining (i) efficacy of preemergence and postemergence herbicides on volunteer perennial ryegrass seedlings, (ii) whether treatments could be reapplied annually without damaging stands, (iii) whether common weeds would increase over time, and (iv) effects of volunteer seedlings on crop yield. Techniques were developed to incorporate pendimethalin [N‐(1‐ethylpropyl)‐3,4‐dimethyl‐2,6‐dinitrobenzenamine] through crop residue. Tests were conducted in three commercial perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) fields sown in 1991. Preemergence‐incorporated pendimethalin at 2.2 kg a.i. ha−1 improved control of volunteer perennial ryegrass seedlings over postemergence treatments applied alone in 28 out of 46 comparisons, and 12 out of 18 failures to improve control occurred when postemergence treatments themselves adequately controlled weeds (avg. 5.5% ground cover by volunteer perennial ryegrass seedlings, or 93% control). Weed control by postemergence treatments varied greatly among years and sites. Early postemergence oxyfluorfen [2‐chloro‐1‐(3‐ethoxy‐4‐nitrophenoxy)‐4‐(trifluoromethyl)benzene] plus metolachlor [2‐chloro‐N‐(2‐ethyl‐6‐methylphenyl)‐N‐(2‐methoxy‐1‐methylethyl)acetamide] followed by late postemergence diuron [N′‐(3,4‐dichlorophenyl)‐N, N‐dimethylurea] was the most effective postemergence treatment (avg. 92% control), but damaged the crop in several instances. Uncontrolled volunteer seedlings reduced seed yield in no‐postemergence checks compared with treatments including postemergence applications in 19 out of 30 instances the first year, 24 out of 30 instances the second year, but only 3 out of 24 instances the third year. Susceptibility of perennial ryegrass to injury by herbicides increased with stand age but varied among sites.

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Factors Affecting Atrazine Fate in North Central U.S. Soils

Koskinen

Clay

1997

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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Atrazine Dissipation and Off-Plot Movement in a Nebraska Sandhills Subirrigated Meadow

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Pendimethalin Dissipation in Kentucky Bluegrass Turf

Pendimethalin Dissipation in Kentucky Bluegrass Turf

Weed Control for Stand Duration Perennial Ryegrass Seed Production

Factors Affecting Atrazine Fate in North Central U.S. Soils

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