Atrazine in mineral soil: the analytical chemistry of speciation

Gamble, Donald S.; Ismaily, L. Ali

doi:10.1139/v92-196

Cited by 21 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The reverse reaction must increase in rate similarly. Note that this work did not cover the effect of temperature on the sorption capacity (θ C ) which was assumed to be a constant value (0.397 × 10 -6 mol g -1 ) in all cases (Gamble and Khan, 1990;Gamble and Ismaily, 1992). But, this parameter could vary slightly as a function of temperature.…”

Section: Labile Sorption As Shown Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atrazine Sorption by a Mineral Soil: Effects of Soil Size Fractions and Temperature

Langford

Gamble

1996

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Equilibrium, kinetics, and mechanism of sorption of the herbicide atrazine by a mineral soil (GB 843) have been studied with an on-line microfiltration-HPLC technique combined with a batch design. As a continuation of our previous work, this paper presents the results of a study of soil size fractionation and the effect of temperature. The experiments with soil size fractions revealed only relatively small changes in atrazine uptake. As expected, the experiments with varying temperature from 5 to 35°C have shown a quite significant effect on the rate parameters of labile sorption (k s1 ) and intraparticle diffusion (k d1 and D). However, the effect on the labile equilibrium constant was small. The resulting energetic parameters ∆H°and E a suggested that the labile uptake of atrazine may only involve weak physisorption (∆H°≈ 0 kJ mol -1 ), while the nonlabile intraparticle diffusion was controlled by an activated process (E a ) 89 kJ mol -1 ).

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Section: Labile Sorption As Shown Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atrazine Sorption by a Mineral Soil: Effects of Soil Size Fractions and Temperature

Langford

Gamble

1996

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…An analytical chemical method similar to that described earlier for an organic soil has been developed for this purpose (2,3). It has been shown that organic matter dominates pesticide interactions with soils, and carboxyl groups have been identified as being important in these interactions (3, .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atrazine in mineral soil: chemical species and catalysed hydrolysis

Gamble¹,

Khan²

1992

Can. J. Chem.

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Equilibrium and kinetics parameters have been evaluated at 25.0 °C for the heterogeneous catalysis of atrazine hydrolysis in slurries of a chemically characterized mineral soil. The fraction of acidic sites that accounts for sorption capacity, and the sorption equilibrium function resemble those for humic acid and organic soil. Sorption and desorption half-lives increased with increasing coverage of sorption sites. The sorption half-lives ranged from 3.6 to 735 days. The desorption half-lives ranged from 1 to 11 days. The hydrolysis half-lives ranged from 9.6 to 168 days and are consistent with Brönsted acid catalysis theory. The relationship of independent variables to data scatter has been analyzed. The information obtained should be useful for water and solute transport models.

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“…Proof of concept has been published for the experimentally supported theory that reveals the kinetics and mechanisms of pesticides in soil and water [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. For a soil immersed in a pesticide solution, the starting point was the answer to a critical question.…”

Section: What Has Been Donementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This problem was solved by adding a new HPLC (High Pressure Liquid Chromatography) method to the analytical chemistry methods already available [1,6,7]. In brief, a sample consisted of soil slurried in a pesticide solution.…”

Section: What Has Been Donementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Any attempts to research the kinetics and mechanisms in this way would not produce the quality expected of modern chemistry [1]. This problem was solved by adding a new HPLC (High Pressure Liquid Chromatography) method to the analytical chemistry methods already available [1,6,7]. In brief, a sample consisted of soil slurried in a pesticide solution.…”

Section: What Has Been Donementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Physical Chemistry of Pesticides in Soil and Water

Gamble

2017

Agriculture

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Soils are the ultimate examples of physically and chemically irregular mixtures. They are also dynamic. Early investigators consequently did not understand the physical chemistry of pesticides in soil and water. By taking shortcuts instead of trying to understand the physical chemistry, they measured the wrong variables, used the wrong units, calculated the wrong parameters, and totally ignored chemical stoichiometry. Theoretical concepts for the physical chemistry of pesticides in soil have been published during the last quarter century. They are experimentally supported. Yet, chemically incorrect descriptions persist in the literature to this day. That has serious environmental and economic consequences. In particular, government regulators make legally binding pesticide decisions based on computer predictions that are wrong by 1 to 3 orders of magnitude. This needs the attention of scientists, governments, and multinational corporations.

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Atrazine in mineral soil: the analytical chemistry of speciation

Cited by 21 publications

References 31 publications

Atrazine Sorption by a Mineral Soil: Effects of Soil Size Fractions and Temperature

Atrazine Sorption by a Mineral Soil: Effects of Soil Size Fractions and Temperature

Atrazine in mineral soil: chemical species and catalysed hydrolysis

The Physical Chemistry of Pesticides in Soil and Water

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