Atraumatic splenic rupture precipitated by splenic vein thrombosis

Abstract

We present the case of a 59-year-old man with atraumatic splenic rupture because of splenic vein thrombosis who was successfully treated with splenic artery embolization.

Atraumatic Splenic Hemorrhage as a Rare Complication of Pancreatitis: Case Report and Literature Review

“…Cases related to pseudo-aneurysm rupture, previous procedure or surgery, and abdominal trauma were excluded. The search yielded 19 case reports [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] and 5 case series. [32][33][34][35][36] However, we included one case with splenic artery pseudo-aneurysm, as it did not rupture and therefore was not considered as the cause of splenic hematoma.…”

“…[32][33][34][35][36] However, we included one case with splenic artery pseudo-aneurysm, as it did not rupture and therefore was not considered as the cause of splenic hematoma. 23 Patient demographics, comorbidities, social history, clinical presentations, diagnostic modalities, pancreatitis etiology and complications, splenic rupture timing and management, and spleen histology were reviewed and are summarized in Table 1. For the review, a total of 28 cases, including our case, were considered appropriate to be included.…”

“…The majority (78.6%) were men. Out of the 28 cases, 89.3% (25/28) presented with acute pancreatitis, 13,[15][16][17][18][19][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][31][32][33][34][35][36] while 10.7% (3/28) presented with chronic pancreatitis. 14,20,30 Among the acute pancreatitis cases, 20% (5/25) demonstrated known medical history or imaging evidence of chronic pancreatitis.…”

“…The leading etiology of pancreatitis complicated by splenic rupture was alcohol consumption (67.9%, 19/28). [13][14][15][16]18,19,21,23,[26][27][28][29][30][33][34][35][36] Of the remaining cases, 7.1% (2/28) were idiopathic; 36 3.6% (1/28) were related to Crohn' s disease; 17 and 21.4% (6/28) had no specified etiology. 20,22,24,25,31,32…”

“…20 Other common symptoms included nausea or vomiting (21.4%), 13,27,29,30,35 pain in the left chest or hypochondrium pain (17.9%), 15,19,[32][33][34] pain radiating to the left shoulder (14.3%), 14,16,32,36 and referred back pain (10.7%). 18,27,33 There were 23 (82.1%) cases of splenic rupture causing hemoperitoneum [13][14][15][16][17][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][32][33][34][35][36] and 5 (17.9%) cases of confined splenic hematoma without rupture. [18][19][20]31,36 Further, 64.3% (18/28) of the cases had splenic rupture or subcapsular hematoma on presentation.…”