ATR‐FTIR spectroscopy and μ‐EDXRF spectrometry monitoring of enamel erosion caused by medicaments used in the treatment of respiratory diseases

Abstract

Medicaments essential for alleviation of diseases may sometime adversely affect dental health by eroding the enamel, owing to their acidic nature. It is therefore highly desirable to be able to detect these effects quickly and reliably. In this study, we evaluated the erosive capacity of four most commonly prescribed respiratory disease syrup medicaments on enamel using micro-energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (µ-EDXRF) and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Fifty-five enamel fragments obtained from 30 bovine teeth were treated with artificial saliva (S), acebrofilin hydrochloride (AC), ambroxol hydrochloride (AM), bromhexine hydrochloride (BR), and salbutamol sulfate (SS); by immersing in 3 mL of respective solutions for 1 min, three times a day at intervals of 1 hr, for 5 days. µ-EDXRF analysis of enamel surface did not reveal significant erosion caused by the medications. However, ATR-FTIR showed a detectable shift in the phosphate (PO ) antisymmetric stretching mode (ν ) at ∼985 cm for AM, BR, and SS, indicating erosion. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that AC, AM, SS, and BR could be classified with 70%, 80%, 100%, and 100% efficiency from S (control), further highlighting the ability of ATR-FTIR to identify degree of erosion. This suggests ATR-FTIR may be used to rapidly and nondestructively investigate erosive effects of medicaments.

Chemical and morphological evaluation of enamel and dentin near cavities restored with conventional and zirconia modified glass ionomer subjected to erosion‐abrasion

“…In this study, SEM was selected to analyze the effect of the abrasion, erosion, and saliva on enamel and dentin morphology to measure substance loss accurately and provide visual information on surface precipitates and change of the surface morphology. Conversely, μ‐EDXRF provides a specific method to determine the concentration of chemical elements on substratum surfaces, being previously used in some studies in dentistry (De Carvalho Filho et al, ; Gomes et al, , ; Soares et al, ; Soares & De Carvalho Filho, ; Soares, De Oliveira, et al, ; Soares et al, ; Soares et al, ).…”

Adverse effects of respiratory disease medicaments and tooth brushing on teeth: A scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray fluorescence and infrared spectroscopy study

“…The Ethics Committee of the Universidade do Vale do Paraíba approved this study (CEUA protocol n° A12/CEUA/2015). The sample preparation and treatments performed are based on previous studies of our group (Gomes et al, ; Gomes et al, ). Briefly, 25 freshly extracted bovine anterior teeth were selected based on their dimensions, similarity in morphology and absence of any cracks or carious defects.…”

“…The teeth were polished with a paste of pumice (S. S. White Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil) and water by Robinson brush (Viking—KG Sorensen, Barureri, SP, Brazil) in a low‐speed hand‐piece (KaVo do Brasil SA, Joinvile, SC, Brazil). Then, they were cleaned and stored in a 0.1% aqueous thymol solution at 9°C for 1 week (Gomes et al, ; Gomes et al, ; Soares, do Espirito Santo, Brugnera, Zanin, & Martin, ).…”

“…Use of acidic medicaments is one such extrinsic factors of erosion. Frequently the medicaments used in the treatment of respiratory diseases have an acidic composition and low pH (3.64), as is the case of the salbutamol sulfate (Gomes et al, ; Gomes, Bhattacharjee, Carvalho, & Soares, ; Scatena et al, ).…”

“…The prevention of mineral loss and erosion wear as well as the remineralization of the erosive teeth lesions have extreme relevance in the treatment of this condition (Magalhães et al, ; Wegehaupt, Sener, Attin, & Schmidlin, ); making it important to study these factors closely. Previously, we had demonstrated that respiratory medicaments cause tooth mineral loss; and had quantified using micro energy dispersive X‐ray fluorescence (μ‐EDXRF) spectroscopy and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy (Gomes et al, ; Gomes et al, ). However, normal routine of people taking these medicaments includes brushing teeth (abrasion) with fluoride (F) containing dentifrice that has been shown to promote a limited protection of teeth depending on the concentration used (1,000 ppm) (Magalhães, Rios, Delbem, Buzalaf, & Machado, ; Ponduri, Macdonald, & Addy, ) and presence of other erosive factors (Lussi & Jaeggi, ).…”